The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been applied as an antibacterial agent in consumer products, cosmetics, and food industries. In this present work, AgNPs were synthesized in various mediums of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and chitosan using the pulse laser ablation synthesis method. Experimentally, a pulse Nd:YAG laser beam (1064 nm, 7 ns, 30 mJ) was directed using a silver mirror and focused using a quartz lens with a focal length of 30 mm on a silver metal plate placed in a petri dish containing liquid mediums for 120 min to produce colloidal silver nanoparticles. The results certified that All AgNPs have a spherical shape with polydisperse size in all media, including PVP, PEG, and chitosan. The smallest AgNPs have been produced in PVP medium with an averaged smallest size of 11.62 nm. Based on this result, PVP is the preferred medium to produce AgNPs with the smallest size and good stability. The produced silver nanoparticles have been successfully employed as an antibacterial agent, which is experimentally demonstrated by using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The result certified that the produced silver nanoparticles could effectively kill the bacteria with a killing percentage of 99.6 to 100%.
Nanoparticle stability is essential for its usage in a wide range of fields, including healthcare. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of silver nanoparticles in deionized (DI) water using low-energy laser ablation. In this research, a Nd: YAG laser (Q-smart 850 by Quantel) was utilized to produce radiation at 1064 nm and 50 mJ of energy. 10 minutes were spent blasting deionized water full of colloidal silver nanoparticles at a frequency of 10 Hz (DI water). After 30 days, the photos demonstrate that the color of the colloidal SNPs has changed to be more transparent, and no agglomeration or precipitation has taken place. The little impact of Brownian motion and the evenly distributed population of SNPs contribute to their stability. Because the nanoparticles in the colloid were slightly diluted, the absorbance dropped. When subjected to a low-energy laser, they maintain their spherical shape. Colloidal silver nanoparticles have a golden yellow hue. There has been no variation in the colloidal SNPs after 30 days. Spectral analysis of colloidal silver nanoparticles reveals an SPR peak at 403 nm. The average size of silver NPs was measured to be 28 nm using the ImageJ software. The shape of silver nanoparticles is typically spherical.
Colloidal gadolinium nanoparticles (GdNPs) have been produced by using pulsed laser ablation (PLA) method. The synthesis in this study used a low-power neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser (45 mJ). Pulse laser beam, which has specifications of 1064 nm, 7ns, 10 Hz, was focused on high-purity metal gadolinium (Gd) surface, which was placed into a spinach-extracted liquid, to produce GdNPs colloid. It is known that the spinach naturally contains iron (Fe), which is a quite high concentration from FeSO4.7H2O. The magnetic characteristics of iron are ferromagnetism, likewise, gadolinium. As the contrast agent, especially in MRI, the magnetic characteristics of the material are needed to improve the image quality. Colloidal GdNPs were successfully produced at a total concentration of 71 ppm after laser bombardment. The TEM image of GdNPS shows that these nanoparticles had a spherical shape. The average diameter of GdNPs was 15 nm.
High-purity metal nanoparticles such as gold and silver nanoparticles become an interesting subject for application in the medical field. Using the laser ablation approach, these nanoparticles were successfully synthesized in this present work. Experimentally, a pulse neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet laser (1064 nm, 30 mJ, 10 Hz) was used to irradiate high-purity metals immersed in an iodine liquid medium. Purple, yellow, and dark purple colloidal nanoparticles of Au, Ag, and Au-Ag were successfully synthesized. The results certified that all nanoparticles have a spherical shape; Au nanoparticles had an average diameter of 26 nm and a standard deviation of 4 nm, while Ag nanoparticles had an average diameter of 24 nm and a standard deviation of 5 nm. The diameter distribution of AuAg nanoparticles is extraordinarily vast, ranging from 18 to 80 nm. Colloids of mixed Au-Ag nanoparticles had the highest Hounsfield Units (HU) value in an in vivo test, with a value of 302. This was supported by the results of an in vitro contrast enhancement evaluation, which determined that a mixture of Au-Ag nanoparticles provided the best contrast enhancement compared to other colloids. These results confirmed that the Au-Ag nanoparticles are very suitable as contrast agents in CT.
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