The psychosocial impact of infertility is affected by cultural factors. In this cross-cultural qualitative study we explored the experience of infertility among six women living in Pakistan and eight living in the UK. Although infertile women in the UK and Pakistan had many shared experiences related to their own desires for motherhood and the hopes of others, they also faced unique psychosocial challenges shaped by cultural context. Based on our findings, we suggest a need for further resources and networks to support women, particularly women living in cultures that allow women few fulfilling social roles other than motherhood.

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The present study was designed to examine the relationship between parents' emotional intelligence and adolescents' aggression, through the mediation of parenting styles. Two hundred and twenty five undergraduate students (113 boys & 112 girls; age 17-18 years), from four universities in Pakistan, participated with their parents. The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (Robinson, Mandleco, Olsen, & Hart, 1995), and the Scale of Emotional Intelligence (Batool & Khalid, 2011) were completed by parents. The Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) was completed by their adolescent offspring. Mediational path analysis supported our hypothesised model. Results indicate that emotional intelligence of parents indirectly links to aggression among offspring, through parenting styles. It was concluded that emotional intelligence training will help parents to improve their parenting styles, and it will lower the risk of aggression in their children.

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To qualitatively explore the process and factors that influence career identity formation, data were collected from 18 middle adolescents of age ranged between 15 and 17 years. Thematic analysis revealed that the process of career identity comprised exploration, commitment, and reconsideration components. Eight factors (viz., parental influence, peer influence, religious orientation, media, nationalism, economic conditions, teachers’ power, and personal preferences) appeared to influence the exploration component of career identity. Exploration of possible careers lead towards commitment after being influenced by expected outcomes (economic benefits, religious benefits, social standards, and functional gains). Satisfaction with the expected outcomes of the explored career help participants to reach at commitment. After being committed to any career, identity appeared to be bifurcated into identity achievement and identity confusion. The adolescents who were contented and consistent appeared to achieve their career identity and identity confusion lead towards the reconsideration of their career plans. Eventually, at one side, reconsideration may lead towards exploration with new choices and opportunities. While on the other hand, as a result of reassurance, individuals may revert back towards their previously committed career identity. This paper provides theoretical and practical implications for the career development of adolescents.

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale in Urdu language for measuring different dimensions of afterlife belief. The scale was subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis on a sample of 504 individuals (235 men and 269 women) recruited from different cities in the Punjab, Pakistan. After exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, 16 items were retained with three well-defined factor structures of afterlife belief: positive, negative, and extinction. The alpha coefficients of the subscales ranged from .65 to .78. Convergent and discriminant validity of the subscales of Afterlife Belief Scale was determined by finding its relationship with the Pleasant Afterlife Belief Scale, the Unpleasant Afterlife Belief Scale, the Anxiety Subscale of DASS, and the Belief in Equitable World Scale. The results support that the newly developed scale has promising validity.

The present study was conducted to translate and validate the Short Muslim Practice and Belief Scale (SMPBS) (AlMarri, Oei, & Al-Adawi, 2009) to have a culturally equivalent and linguistically accurate Urdu version for use in Pakistan. Forward backward translation method was used for translation followed by tryout of the scale. Urdu translated version of the scale was completed by 500 participants of different age groups (M = 36.5, SD = 10.1). Based on a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), results confirmed that a two-factor model with the factors practice and belief provided an excellent fit to the data with chi square 55.96 (df = 26, p > .05), CFI =.96, GFI = .97, and RMSEA = .04. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was .78. Cross-language validation determined on a sample of 60 participants was satisfactory. Convergent validity of the scale was established by finding its significant positive correlation with religious practice and belief scale (r = .64, p < .001) and significant negative correlation with depression (r = -.18, p < .001) revealed its divergent validity.