No abstract

Strictly speaking any infectious agent can be described as a parasite but the term is usually restricted to the protozoa and helminth worms. These are highly evolved and opportunistic organisms that can be found as parasites in all classes of the animal kingdom. It is not surprising that humans should harbor some parasites but what is remarkable is the number of different species

Urinary tract infection is one of the most frequently seen medical complication in pregnancy. Related to it further a number of complications like acute and chronic pyelonephritis, HT, intrauterine growth retardation are seen. Early detection and treatment of bacteria allows an approach to be made for the prevention of chronic urinary disease in the community and to avoid complications in pregnancy at an early stage. In view of the above an attempt was made to isolate and identify the pathogens from urine in suspected cases of UTI in pregnant women. The objective was to: 1 Isolate various pathogens from urine in suspected cases of UTI in pregnant women, 2 Identify the pathogens by biochemical reactions. A total of 500 samples were investigated. The samples were collected from women attending the antenatal clinic at the Khaja Banda Nawaz Hospital, Gulbarga. A proforma was used to collect the data from the subjects of varying ages from 18 years to 25 years, from varying gravida and all three trimesters were included. Sterilized urine container was used to collect urine with all aseptic precautions. Macroscopic and microscopic examination was done. Culture and biochemical reactions were done and the strains were isolated and identified. The prevalence rate of UTI in pregnancy was (10.4%). The incidence of organisms isolated in bacteriuric cases showed Klebsiella as the major isolate constituting 25%. Urinary tract infection the most commonly seen complication in pregnancy. Prevalence rate of 10.4% (52/500) was seen. Both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were isolated, coliform isolates being comparatively higher.

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a relatively recent and effective weight-loss treatment. Because the number of bariatric surgical operations is increasing, surgeons should be aware of the issues related with SG. In the absence of an identifiable etiology, oligo-asthenoteratospermia in a patient with proven fertility is unusual. Here we describe a case of severe worsening of semen parameters after SG. Key words: Key words: Sleeve gastrectomy, Bariatric surgery , Semen analysis

Background: Effective Feedback process is the running blood for learning in an outcome based teaching system and is a powerful tools for improving the future performance of the medical students. Currently almost all medical institutes seem to grapple with the feedback process but the desired results in form of students’ improvement are not considerable. Keeping in view the aforementioned mismatch a structured evaluation of the challenges in its way is necessary. Objectives: The aim of study was to identify the challenges faced by medical students and faculty in feedback process and to compare the discrepancy between students’ and faculty’s perspective about the factors that impede the process in college of medicine Majmaah University KSA. Materials and methods: This was an observational questionnaire based study conducted in 2020-2021 upon students and faculty of medical college of Majmaah University. The participants filled their response about the barriers they face during the feedback process. The data was scrutinized and analysed on SPSS ver 28. Pearson Chi-square and Fisher Exact tests were applied to compare the different responses between faculty and students. A Bonferroni adjusted p-value was reported for multiple comparisons. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: It was found that 62% participants said students are afraid of negative comments, 70 % said that students don’t consider the process important, 72 % said it’s a time consuming process comments. Statistically significant results were found in responses between faculty and students about the four variables namely feedback is not taken important, time consuming, increased work load and language barrier. Conclusions: The most significant hurdles in the process of effective feedback in our setup are uninterested pupils, fear of being judged, weak staff skills, time and work constraints, and a language barrier. Key Words: Feedback, Challenges, Barriers, Medical students, Faculty