The study examined the impact of weight machines training on selected strength factors among different BMI of male college students. Sixty-six males aged 19 to 23 years participated in this investigation. The subjects were distributed into four groups; Underweight Group1 (UWG1, n = 14), Normal Weight Group2 (NWG2, n = 25), OverWeight Group3 (OWG3, n = 19) and Obese Group4 (OG4, n = 8). The strength measurements were seated chest press (CP), seated leg press (LP), and seated abdomen (Abdo) workouts, performed before and after training. One Repetition Maximum (1RM) was used to decide the maximum strength of all subjects. The training involved several weight machines such as leg press, abdomen, chest press, pull down, row, and leg extension. The data were analyzed using a One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and t-test (Paired). The significance level was 0.05. The OG4 revealed meaningfully greater mean different value than the NWG2 (17.46 ± 6.79, 10.92 ± 5.66 kg, respectively, P = 0.02) in Abdo when post-tests were subtracted from pre-tests (mean differences). When paired t-test was used, the UWG1 revealed significant increases in BM, LP, Abdo, and CP by 2, 42, 38, and 35%, respectively, the NWG2 by 2% (BM), 31% (LP and Abdo), and 25% (CP), the OWG3 by 21% (LP), 30% (Abdo) and 20% (CP) and the OG4 by 33% (LP), 36% (Abdo) and 15% (CP). In conclusion, the 4 categories of body mass index enhanced their strength elements after 8 weeks of weight machine training.
The purpose of the study was to compare resistance and squash training on speed, explosive power, muscular endurance and flexibility among college male students. Nineteen college male students 20-22 years divided into two groups, resistance training group (RT, n = 10) and squash training group (SQT, n = 9). RT group performed several weight machines. The SQT group undertook squash skills in addition to participation in tournaments. The training lasted for 6 weeks, 4 days/ week, 30 min per session. Subjects were tested on body composition and physical fitness before and after training. One Repetition Maximum (1RM) was used to decide maximum strength of RT group. Means, SD, independent and Paired t-test utilized with P ≤ 0.05. The RT group exhibited greater mean difference than SQT group in BM (P = 0.032) and BMI (P = 0.013). No mean differences were observed between groups in all physical fitness parameters (P ≥ 0.05). However, when after-training-tests were matched with beforetraining-tests in each group independently, RT decreased significantly in 50 m sprint time by 6% (P = 0.008), SLJ by 6.3% (P = 0.004) and sit and reach by 12.4% (P = 0.012) but, no change in sit-ups (P ≥ 0.05). While, SQT showed elevation (P = 0.003) in sit and reach of 19%, no changes was seen in the other fitness parameters (P ≥ 0.05). It was concluded that RT group had training effect on speed, explosive power and flexibility, while SQT group showed training effect in flexibility.
The main purpose of the present study was to find out the effect of six weeks of gymnastic oriented training program on the physical fitness and the level of technical performance of Volleyball players. A group of 27 Volleyball players were divided into 12 experimental and 15 control groups and their age ranged between 18 to 24 years. Physical Fitness tests comprising of vertical jump, push-ups, chin ups, sit ups, back strength, 30 m sprint, boomerangs test, 600 m run, sit and reach, bridge up and shoulder rotation and technical skill tests like passing, spiking and service were used for the study. A pre and post test was conducted before starting the training program and after the 6 weeks. It was found that both the physical fitness and skill level of the Volleyball players increased through the participation in the gymnastics oriented program.
This paper focuses on understanding the simple and unique technique that is used for human robot interaction in robotic hand gesture replication system. The aims to fabricate a dual module system which synchronizes the real hand gesture with mechanical movement of the designed hand module at the output end in real time. The first part input module (IM) is user-controlled module which detects the real hand movement and convert it into signals and the signals are transmitted wirelessly to a receiver module comprising of a mechanical animatronics hand that will process the incoming signals and performs the mechanical movement in coherence with the received signal. Arduino boards integrated with their own microcontrollers and Xbee antennas are used to control both the input and output modules for the completion of the perform gesture. The input module comprises of a glove integrated with flex sensors and the Arduino board. 3D structure which is modeled as the real hand with the servo motors installed on it is used as an output module for the replication of the generated gesture from input module. This paper describes that advantages of Flex Sensors Controlled Animatronics Hand are in the environment which obstructs the physical approach of the humans and is not feasible for the human body. Nuclear power plants or nuclear weapon production areas, sophisticated chemical or pharmaceutical factories, bomb disposal department and Firefighting agencies etc. In all of these scenarios, Personal control is essential yet environment restricts the physical presence of human, therefore, this technique can be used as an alternative to automation so that an individual can operate under such conditions without physically being present at the location, preventing any unforeseen accidents and human casualties.
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