The aim of this work is to analyze and investigate the shape preserving properties of ternary 4-point non-stationary interpolating subdivision schemes constructed by Beccari et al. [1] with a tension parameter !k+1 which can reproducing exponential. Moreover, the conditions on the initial control points are developed that allow user to generate shape preserving limit curves after a nite number of subdivision steps and generalize these results in limiting case. Signicance of derived conditions are illustrated through graphs and the whole discussion is followed by examples.
Abstract
Background: Dengue fever is the world’s fastest spreading mosquito borne viral infection. It is prevalent throughout both subtropical and tropical region if the world. The severe form of dengue fever with bleeding manifestations called as dengue hemorrhagic fever. Some of the Dengue fever patients developed capillary leak during critical period of illness. This study aims at determining the frequency of capillary leak syndrome in hospitalized dengue fever patients of tertiary care hospital.
Patients and Methods: The study was conducted over a period of one month from 1st October to 30th October 2019 at department of Medicine Federal Government Polyclinic Post Graduate Medical Institute, Islamabad. This cross sectional study comprising 200 consecutive hospitalized (≥14 years of both gender) dengue fever patients.
Results: Capillary leak syndrome found in 75 patients of Dengue fever. All of them were Primary Dengue Patients. Both ascites and effusion was present in 31 patients. Ascites only found in 25 patients, Pleural effusion bilateral in 7, Right sided pleural effusion in 11 and Left sided in 1 patient. None of the patient had pericardial effusion.
Conclusion: It is concluded that capillary leak syndrome is common in primary dengue fever patients and its early diagnosis helps us in better management during critical phase of illness with better outcome.
Key Words: Dengue Fever, Capillary Leak Syndrome, Dengue Shock
<p><em>Fusarium graminearum</em> fungus cause significant loss in maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) and other cereal crops all over the world. The usage of chemical agents cause severe environmental problems. <em>Bacillus</em> species and other plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR) play key role in biopesticide development. A wide range of environmentally safe antimicrobial agents are already being manufactured. The current investigation was focused on exploring the antifungal activity of <em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em> lipopeptide surfactin against fungal phytopathogen <em>Fusarium graminearum</em>. <em>B. thuringensis</em> was isolated from the rhizosphere of maize crop and cultivated to produce lipopeptides. Surfactin was identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from the extract at 210 nm, retention time 3-5 minutes and the obtained peaks area was 3.990. The growth of <em>F. graminearum </em>was successfully inhibited by surfactin at different concentrations<em>.</em> Among these, 80<em> </em>% concentration showed the highest zone of inhibition in comparison to 60<em> </em>%, 40<em> </em>% and 20<em> </em>% concentrations (<em>p</em> < 0.005), respectively. The current study concludes <em>B. thuringensis </em>lipopeptide surfactin has a high potential to inhibit the growth of <em>F. graminearum</em>.</p>
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.