Purpose: This study designed to evaluate the necessity for interdisciplinary dental and medical education by assessing clinicians' awareness of the relation between systemic health and periodontal disease. Study design: A Cross-sectional and Descriptive study. Place and Duration: In the Dental department of Hamdard University Dental Hospital, Karachi for six-months duration from July 2021 to December 2021. Methods: A sample of 200 dentists and physicians was designated using convenient technique of sampling. A self- validated and pre-validated questionnaire consisting of questions about the knowledge of the relationship between systemic health and periodontal disease among dentist was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24.0. Results: While 184 out of 200 dentists agreed that there was a link between periodontal disease and systemic health, 16 disagreed. Most (194) participants were aware of the periodontal disease and its associated signs and symptoms, and (6) were unaware of these symptoms. While most dentists (172) considered bleeding from the gingiva to be the major symptom clinically of periodontal disease, 102 dentists reported gingival pain as the primary symptom. In addition, most dentists (185) have stated that they have awareness about the relation between periodontal disease and diabetes, while 172 dentists have stated that cardiovascular disease and obesity are associated with periodontal disease Conclusion: The information on the association between systemic health with periodontal disease among practitioners was satisfactory. Keywords: Diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, gingival bleeding, systemic health and periodontal disease

Aphtha is a Greek word for ulceration which is a common problem in dentistry for diagnosis and treatment. Objective: To assess serum levels of iron among patients with RAS and its comparison with the control group. Methods: The analysis involved 150 subjects alienated into 2 groups as a group with recurrence of aphthous ulcer and a control group. The 75 patients were encompassed in the control group and 70 in the aphthous ulcer matched for age and sex. Based on the history and clinical examination, the diagnosis of RAS was made. By ELISA test and ELX 800 Absorbance Microplate Reader tool, Serum ferritin was measured, while micro-lab 300 was used to evaluate serum hemoglobin and iron levels. Results: Grounded on standard values of laboratory investigations, serum levels of iron were suggestively lower in patients of RAS in comparison to the control group. Minor RAS type was observed in 71 patients (94.7%), while major RAS was reported in 4 patients (5.3%). Out of 75, 20% had multiple ulcers and 80% had a single ulcer. While RAS was localized in non-keratinized mucous membrane in 64 patients (85.3%), in 6 patients (8%); RAS was located in keratinized mucous membrane and both non-keratinized and keratinized mucosa were seen in 5 subjects (6. 7%). Conclusion: The presence of iron deficiency has been linked to recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Background: The aim of this study to evaluate the outcome of the efficacy of the PRP use to promote wound healing and bone regeneration. Study design: The study was cross sectional being conducted in the department of Dentistry, Bahria University Dental College, Karachi six months from June 2022 to November 2022. Methods: A total number of the participants were 150. The male and female genders were both included who suffered dental surgery. The sample of blood was taken around 55cc by a trained medical expert. After that, blood will be centrifuged to separate the platelet-rich plasma from the remaining components of your blood. For the greatest results, your blood will often be spun two to three times. Results: The age range was 20-60 years and > 61 years old, with an average of 51.1±12.5 years, which indicate highly significant tooth loss at above 61 years old age p<0.005**. The PRP treatment was showing significant improvement in the dental and oral postoperative treatment p<0.005. After postoperative analysis of the participants by the treatment of PRP, which show significant improvement CAL, gingival recession, repair bone defect, stop tooth extraction and root coverage show significant result <0.005** as compared to control group. Conclusions: Following tooth extraction, the application of PRP in the alveolar socket can improve soft tissue healing and favorably affect bone regeneration. Root lengthening, apex closure, and dentin wall thickening were all higher, and they all encourage the rejuvenation of the pulp tissue and further root development. Keywords: Platelet rich plasma, cytokine, growth factor and blood.

OBJECTIVES Patients with the low-dose long-term aspirin regime have a severe risk of excessive bleeding during surgery, placing them at risk of "adverse thrombotic events". This study aims to evaluate the bleeding in patients undergoing minor oral surgery procedures without stopping daily low-dose aspirin therapy. METHODOLOGY A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based investigation involved the patient with minor oral surgery at "Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan" from mid-April 2021 to mid-June 2021, who were between the age group 30 to 75 with a low-dose aspirin regime. The data was collected via a questionnaire to record the variables, i.e. duration of aspirin, postoperative medications, platelets count, clotting time, normal bleeding time, and intraoperative bleeding time.  RESULTS 51 patients, of which 32 were males while 19, were females. The normal bleeding time was comparatively analyzed with the intraoperative bleeding time using SPSS statistical software version 22. The results revealed that the mean bleeding time for the patients with a low-dose aspirin regime during minor oral surgery was 5.49 ± 1.07, while for the patients with a stopped aspirin dose was 4.57 ± 1.07. The comparative analysis using a t-test doesn't reveal significant statistical differences of p<0.05 between both groups. CONCLUSION We concluded that minor oral surgical procedures could safely be done without altering or stopping the low-dose, long-term aspirin regime.

Non-carious lesions caused by tooth wear include hypersensitivity, bad oral cleanness (plaque formation), cosmetic complications and tooth fractures. It is associated with a number of dental problems if present. Objective: To determine the frequency of non-carious lesions in tooth wear among patients attending the dental OPD. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study which was carried out in the Dental department of Army Medical and Dental College Rawalpindi for one-year duration from January 2021 to December 2021. After formal approval by the Ethics Review Committee; regardless of the gender, 180 subjects of age 20-60 years were studied by means of the Tooth Wear Index of Knight and Smith. Five surfaces of each tooth were examined in the maxillary and mandibular arches: buccal (B), cervical (C), lingual (L) and occlusal /incisal (O and I). Results: It was instituted that non-carious tooth wear prevalence was probable in premolars trailed by molars and less pronounced in incisors. The surfaces of O&I were most susceptible to injury, trailed by the surfaces of cervical. The carious tooth wear was less likely in lingual surfaces. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to obtain results on the incidence of non-carious tooth wear by giving the median, standard deviation and mean. Conclusions: Premolars and molars are the teeth mostly affected by non-carious tooth wear, and the incisors are the minimum teeth which are affected. The surfaces most affected were O&I, trailed by the cervical surface with a lower incidence of lingual surface lesions.