This paper delves into the problem of mixed convection boundary layer flow from a horizontal circular cylinder filled in a Jeffrey fluid with viscous dissipation effect. Both cases of cooled and heated cylinders are discussed. The governing equations which have been converted into a dimensionless form using the appropriate non-dimensional variables are solved numerically through the Keller-box method. A comparative study is performed and authentication of the present results with documented outcomes from formerly published works is excellently achieved. Tabular and graphical representations of the numerical results are executed for the specified distributions, considering the mixed convection parameter, Jeffrey fluid parameters and the Prandtl and Eckert numbers. Interestingly, boundary layer separation for mixed convection parameter happens for some positive (assisting flow) and negative (opposing flow) values. Strong assisting flow means the cylinder is heated, which causes the delay in boundary layer separation, whereas strong opposing flow means the cylinder is cooled, which conveys the separation point close to the lower stagnation point. Contradictory behaviours of both Jeffrey fluid parameters are observed over the velocity and temperature profiles together with the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number. The increase of the Prandtl number leads to the decrement of the temperature profile, while the increase of the Eckert number results in the slight increment of the skin friction coefficient and decrement of the Nusselt number. Both velocity and temperature profiles of Eckert number show no effects at the lower stagnation point of the cylinder.
The present paper focuses on the influence of radiation and viscous dissipation on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and heat transfer of a Jeffrey fluid over a stretching sheet with convective boundary conditions (CBC). The governing equations are reduced to non-linear ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation variables and then solved by using Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method. The results generated from the numerical computations are presented in the form of tables and graphs for some values of Deborah number, ratio of relaxation to retardation times, Eckert number, radiation parameter and magnetic parameter. It is found that the distribution of fluid velocity is noticeably increased with an increment in Deborah number while the distribution of temperature shows the opposite trend.
Mathematical model of Jeffrey fluid describes the property of viscoelastic that clarifies the two components of relaxation and retardation times. Nevertheless, the poor thermal performance of Jeffrey fluid has been a key issue facing the public. This issue can be accomplished by the use of nanofluid that has superior thermal performance than the conventional fluids. A better cooling rate in industry is in fact not appropriate to attain by the thermal conductivity of the conventional fluids. On that account, the present study aims to delve into the impact of viscous dissipation and suspended nanoparticles on mixed convection flow of Jeffrey fluid from a horizontal circular cylinder. A concise enlightenment on the separation of boundary layer flow is included and discussed starting from the lower stagnation point flow up to the separation point only. The non-dimensional and non-similarity transformation variables are implemented to transform the dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) into two nonlinear PDEs, and then tackled numerically through the Keller-box method. Representation of tabular and graphical results are executed for velocity and temperature profiles as well as the reduced skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number to investigate the physical insight of emerging parameters. It was found that the incremented ratio of relaxation to retardation, Deborah number and Eckert number have delayed the boundary layer separation up to 120o
Purpose This paper aims to accentuate the behavior of second-grade hybrid Al2O3–Cu nanofluid flow and its thermal characteristics driven by a stretching/shrinking Riga plate. Design/methodology/approach The second-grade fluid is considered with the combination of Cu and Al2O3 nanoparticles. Three base fluids namely water, ethylene glycol (EG) and methanol with different Prandtl number are also examined. The formulation of the mathematical model of second-grade hybrid nanofluid complies with the boundary layer approximations. The complexity of the governing model is reduced into a simpler differential equations using the similarity transformation. The bvp4c solver is fully used to solve the reduced equations. The observation of multiple solutions is conducted for the assisting (stretching) and opposing (shrinking) cases. Findings The impact of suction parameter, second-grade parameter, electromagnetohydrodynamics (EMHD) parameter, velocity ratio parameter and the volumetric concentration of the alumina and copper nanoparticles are numerically analyzed on the velocity and temperature profiles, skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number (thermal rate) of the second-grade Al2O3–Cu/water. The solution is unique when (static and stretching cases) while dual for a specific range of negative in the presence of suction effect. Based on the appearance of the first solution in all cases of, it is physically showed that the first solution is stable. Further examination reveals that the EMHD and suction parameters are the contributing factors for the thermal enhancement of this non-Newtonian working fluid. Meanwhile, the viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid also plays a significant role in the fluid motion and heat transfer rate based on the finding that the EG base fluid produces the maximum heat transfer rate but the lowest critical value and skin friction coefficient. Originality/value The results are novel and contribute to the discovery of the hybrid nanoparticles’ performance in the non-Newtonian second-grade fluid. Besides, this study is beneficial to the researchers in this field and general audience from industries regarding the factors, which contributing to the thermal enhancement of the working fluid.
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