Pengelolaan sampah merupakan permasalahan yang umum dialami masyarakat perkotaan. Desa Pageragung, Walantaka, Kota Serang juga mengalami masalah pengelolaan sampah yang disebabkan tidak tersedianya tempat pembuangan sampah dan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah. Kondisi ini membuat sebagian masyarakat membuang sampah tidak pada tempatnya. Program pengabdian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan bahaya sampah di masa mendatang. Peningkatan kesadaran dilakukan dengan cara memanfaatkan limbah rumah tangga menjadi pupuk organik cair sehingga mampu mengurangi sampah yang dihasilkan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni sampai awal Juli 2019 yang merupakan bagian program kerja KKM Universitas Serang Raya. Program pengabdian ini menghasilkan peralatan pembuatan pupuk cair dengan bahan baku limbah rumah tangga dengan memanfaatkan bioaktivator EM4 (Effective Microorganisms). Hasil dua kali uji coba diperoleh pupuk cair yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk penyubur tanaman, terutama tanaman yang ada di pekarangan masyarakat. Pemanfaatan peralatan ini secara jangka panjang mampu menurunkan limbah rumah tangga dan mampu meningkatkan kesuburan tanaman masyarakat.
ABSTRAK Curd adalah endapan massa berwarna putih berupa bahan padatan susu (kaya protein kasein) yang diperoleh dengan cara menambahkan asam atau enzim ke dalam susu. Penambahan curd dalam pembuatan snack diharapkan dapat meningkatkan gizi produk yang dihasilkan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi curd WHUKDGDSS NDUDNWHULVWLNN ¿VLNRR NLPLD HYDOXDVLL VHQVRUL dan mikrostruktur snack susu yang digoreng secara deep fat frying pada tekanan atmosfer (70 cmHg). Imbangan persentase curd : FDPSXUDQQWHSXQJJ\DLWXXGDQQ9DULDEHOO\DQJJGLXMLLPHOLSXWLLNDUDNWHULVWLNN¿VLNRRNLPLDDGDQQ evaluasi sensori yang dianalisis menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 ulangan, sedangkan mikrostruktur dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan curdPHPEHULNDQQSHQJDUXKKQ\DWDD3WHUKDGDSSNDUDNWHULVWLNN¿VLNRR kimia dan evaluasi sensori snack susu yang dihasilkan. Mikrostruktur snack susu yang digoreng pada tekanan atmosfer menunjukkan SUR¿OOJHODWLQLVDVLLSDWLL\DQJJEHOXPPVHPSXUQDDGHQJDQQURQJJDDXGDUDD\DQJJWLGDNNPHUDWDGLLGDODPPSURGXNSnack susu dengan imbangan curdFDPSXUDQQWHSXQJJVHEHVDUUPHPSXQ\DLLNXDOLWDVVWHUEDLNNGLWLQMDXXGDULLNDUDNWHULVWLNN¿VLNRRNLPLDHYDOXDVLLVHQVRULLGDQQ PLNURVWUXNWXUQ\DDGHQJDQQUDWDUDWDDNDUDNWHULVWLNN¿VLNNNHUHQ\DKDQQ1P 2 , daya kembang 106,03%, kadar air 7,88%), karakteristik kimia (protein kasar 9,94%, lemak 25,78%), dan evaluasi sensori (skala 1-9) antara lain warna 6,71; rasa 6,24; kerenyahan 5,81 dan oily after taste 6,10. ABSTRACT 'RGLNN6XSUDSWR1XUOL\DQLDQGG
The increasing volume of motorized vehicles leads to an increase in dependence on fossil fuels and an increase in air pollution. The problem can be reduced by utilizing renewable alcohol fuels such as methanol, ethanol, and butanol. The high number of octane and oxygen content is the main reason. Therefore, this study aims to observe the exhaust emissions of the 160 cc gasoline engine with a mixture of methanol, ethanol, and butanol. The percentage of alcohol used is 0 % to 30 % by volume. The test was carried out in 2000, 3000, and 4000 rpm. The results of the study explained that the use of methanol, ethanol, butanol in the fuel mixture was proven to reduce exhaust emissions. CO and HC emissions decreased as the percentage of alcohol in the fuel increased. The highest reduction in CO and HC emission in methanol blended fuel was 30 %, 94.55 % and 82.71 %, respectively. Meanwhile, CO2 emissions increased by 34.88 % at 2000 rpm engine speed. Based on this test, the addition of methanol to fuel can reduce exhaust emissions better than ethanol and butanol.
The growth of diesel vehicles has consequences for the consumption of diesel oil. Therefore, using Jatropha as an alternative fuel reduces dependence on diesel oil and it does not interfere with food availability. However, the high viscosity of jatropha oil makes the fuel pump work harder. In addition, the low calorific value reduces the quality of the fuel which creates unique problems. Ethanol, with its low viscosity and high oxygen content, is expected to be effective in reducing jatropha problems for diesel engines. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the addition of ethanol to the brake torque, brake-specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, and smoke opacity. The 4JB1 diesel engine with an EGR was tested on a 10% (DJ10) and 20% (DJ20) diesel-jatropha mixture. The experimental results showed that brake torque increased by 1.51% in the DJ10 application, brake specific fuel consumption decreased by 7.05%, exhaust gas temperature decreased by 0.67%, and smoke opacity increased by 25.91%. While in the DJ20 application, brake torque increased by 3.19%, brake-specific fuel consumption decreased by 30.08%, exhaust gas temperature decreased by 0.67%, and smoke opacity increased by 69.03%.
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