Historically, efforts to reform Family Law in parts of the Islamic world began to be realized in the late 19th century AD. The reality of Islamic legal reforms carried out in Islamic countries in North Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and Southeast Asia gave rise to unprecedented changes in the last century. These changes occur both in the justice system and in the system applied. Changes to family law were first carried out by Turkey, then followed by Lebanon in 1919, Jordan in 1951, and Syria in 1953. Muslim countries in the world, in their context with the renewal of family law, are divided into three categories. First, an Islamic state that does not carry out any renewal and still enforces family law as stipulated in the books of fiqh. Secondly, an Islamic state that has completely abandoned Islamic family law and adopted European civil law. Third, countries that are trying to enforce Islamic family law but after making reforms here and there. This paper tries to discuss one of the reforms carried out by one Muslim country, namely Turkey, which is related to the reformation (reform) of family law that starts from the history of reform, legislation, renewal, and legal material. The author chose Turkey because it is the first Muslim country to make changes to family law.
Rasa keadilan adalah konsep manusia yang abstrak tentang keselarasan yang diinginkan atau pantas antara ketertiban dan perdamaian. Kesadaran hukum sering dikaitkan dengan kesesuaian hukum, desain hukum, dan validitas hukum. Kesadaran hukum adalah persepsi tentang nilai yang terkandung dalam diri manusia tentang hukum yang ada. Kepatuhan berasal dari kata ketaatan dan berarti kepatuhan, kepatuhan, kepatuhan. Taat berarti tunduk, patuh, patuh. Ketaatan berarti penyerahan diri, dan ketaatan adalah keadaan penyerahan diri kepada sesuatu atau seseorang. Kepatuhan, oleh karena itu, adalah syarat bahwa masyarakat umum mengikuti aturan main (hukum). Budaya hukum masyarakat juga mengakui bahwa masyarakat kita, dalam kesadaran hukumnya, memiliki hukum sebagai aturan main untuk hidup bersama dan sebagai dasar untuk memecahkan masalah yang timbul dari risiko hidup bersama. Namun, dari segi materi, sangat sulit membangun budaya hukum di negeri ini. Keadaan ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain: 1) faktor hukum; 2) faktor penegakan hukum; 3) kelembagaan dan fasilitas; 4) faktor masyarakat; dan 5) faktor budaya.
Masing- masing manusia mempunyai kepentingan sendiri-sendiri yang kadang-kadang dalam memenuhi kepetingannya itu terhadap pertentangan kehendak antara satu dengan lainnya. Agar antara masing individu itu tidak terjadi perselisihan maka diperlukan suatu aturan yang disebut dengan hukum. Hukum wadh’i adalah Implementasi dari hukum taklifi, jadi hukum wadh’i ini lebih kepada masalah-masalah yang lebih khusus dibanding dengan hukum taklifi. Hukum wadh’i yang telah ditetapkan oleh syari’ sebagai faktor keeksistensian sebuah hukum syariat bagi seorang mukallaf, haruslah sangat diperhatikan sebagaimana menyikapi hukum taklifi.
This research aims to reveal one of the traditions of people in Tanjung Hilir Kerinci, the recitation of the Khutbah Gulung (lit: speech roll) every Idul Fitri and Idul Adha. This tradition have lasted for decades. The text was written in Arab Melayu using connected pieces of paper and then rolled on a piece of log. The text was made in two themes, one for Idul Fitri and another for Idul Adha. These texts have not changed since the first time it was written decades ago. This research is considered as field research with qualitative approach using ethnographic, historic, and content analysis method. After analyzing the content of the texts, it was found out that the recitation of Khutbah Gulung was not only part of a religious ritual, but also contain academic importance by educating the listeners on how to become a better individual. The contents of Khutbah Gulung is always connected to the aim of humanism education in order to make the members of the society a better individual who realize his rose as God's highest order of creation, sent to earth to nurture, protect, and improve our nature. Researcher would like to conclude that the practice of Khutbah Gulung among the people in Tanjung Pauh Hilir have become part of their life and tradition, inherited from earlier generation and will be inherited by the next. It will be continued and become an icon of people in Tanjung Pauh Hilir Kerinci Regency.
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