We analyze the dynamics of a fractional order modified Leslie-Gower model with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response and additive Allee effect by means of local stability. In this respect, all possible equilibria and their existence conditions are determined and their stability properties are established. We also construct nonstandard numerical schemes based on Grünwald-Letnikov approximation. The constructed scheme is explicit and maintains the positivity of solutions. Using this scheme, we perform some numerical simulations to illustrate the dynamical behavior of the model. It is noticed that the nonstandard Grünwald-Letnikov scheme preserves the dynamical properties of the continuous model, while the classical scheme may fail to maintain those dynamical properties.
Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is one of the ambitious economic policies issued during the reign of China Xi Jinping. BRI includes two aspects: the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. BRI is a gigantic project as it covers 2/3 of the global population and 3/4 of energy sources. This article tries to answer questions about why China issuing BRI policy by using the perspective of neorealism as a theory of international relations that includes the concept of national interest, the balance of power and hegemonic stability. The findings in this paper is divided into three premises, namely (1) the interest of China to secure supply lines of energy to the Middle East and Central Asia through cooperation with the countries in South Asia, (2) the ambition of China to take over the leadership role in Asia through the seizure of the fast train project financing with Japan, (3) China sought to challenge US both in Security and Economic fields. This paper is then expected to be used as a comparative material for similar studies and become contributions to the parties concerned.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh dana pihak ketiga dan pembiayaan bermasalah terhadap profitabilitas di Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah di Indonesia periode Januari 2014 - Desember 2018. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda, uji statistik yaitu koefisien determinasi, uji t, uji F. Hasil penelitian secara parsial menemukan bahwa variabel Dana Pihak Ketiga dan Non Performing Financing (NPF) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return on aset pada BPRS di Indonesia. Sementara itu, secara simultan dana pihak ketiga dan non performing financing tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return on aset pada BPR syariah di Indonesia.
This paper examines the transformation within the practice and concept ofcontemporary peacebuilding. Peacebuilding, practically and conceptually, hasbeen dominated by the liberal peace paradigm. In this case, theinstitutionalising of its core ideas such as democratisation, human rights, therule of law, and liberal market system to the post-conflict states and to a socalled ‘fragile/failed states’ aiming at bringing peace and security has failed to create a comprehensive and sustainable peace on the ground as exemplified in Nicaragua, Haiti, Bosnia, Afghanistan, and other post-war states. Scholars focused on the issue of peacebuilding have engaged to a new approach that challenge the domination of the liberal paradigm through the accommodation and appreciation upon the ‘local’ and thus create spaces for the interaction between the liberal and the ‘local’ within forms of ‘hybrid peace’ or ‘hybrid peacebuilding’
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