In this Article, a unique single probe feed Bunny patch antenna with hybrid frequency and polarisation reconfigurability for S –Band application is presented. A bunny patch antenna is a modified circular patch antenna. The bunny-shaped patch antenna is made by joining the conducting strips to the circular patch at 600. Two conducting strips, two notches on the patch periphery, and two RF-PIN diodes are used to reconfigure three polarisation states in this antenna: left-hand circular polarisation (LHCP), right-hand circular polarisation (RHCP), and linear polarisation (LP) with frequency reconfigurability. The dielectric material FR-4 is used, which has a thickness of 6.4mm and a permittivity of 4.4. This antenna features a 400 MHz, -10dB impedance bandwidth from 2.46–2.86 GHz and a 3.38% axial ratio (AR) bandwidth from 2.54–2.64 GHz. This antenna, when designed optimally, can emit a gain of about 5dBic in its circular polarization states. The proposed bunny patch antenna is fabricated and measured. Results have good agreement in all states of operation. The UMT (Universal MSS Terminal) receiver system can benefit from this antenna.
In this paper, a curvature-compensated bandgap reference circuit is presented which generates 0.538V from 0.85V supply voltage. The PTAT voltage generated in the bandgap core is added to the partial CTAT voltage to generate the sub-bandgap reference, reducing the CTAT current mirror mismatch. Furthermore, this architecture eases the opamp's requirements on offset and flicker noise significantly and doesn't require sophisticated techniques, such as chopping. A novel curvature compensation scheme is proposed and validated across PVT simulations and achieves 12 ppm/ • C with a single point trim. The proposed bandgap consumes a power of 15 µW and occupies an area of 7315 µm 2 in TSMC 28nm.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.