Background: Obstetric emergencies can occur suddenly and unexpectedly. Obstetrics is unique in that there are two patients to consider and care for, a mother and a baby or fetus. Identification and referral of high risk pregnancies are an integral part of maternal and child health services. Timeliness and appropriateness can reduce the incidence of obstetric emergencies. Present study was carried out to know the incidence, nature and outcome of obstetric emergencies.Methods: Retrospective study of obstetric emergencies admitted to Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical science, Patna from March 2015 to September 2017.Results: The common clinical presentation was Ectopic Pregnancy (19.64%), Heart Disease (16.64%), Abortion (13.69%), Severe Anaemia (16.66%), Purpureal Sepsis (9.52%), Sever pregnancy induced hypertension (3.57%), Eclampsia/ HELLP Syndrome (2.38%), Multiple Pregnancy (1.19%) Malignancy Disorder with Pregnancy (2.97%) and HIV in pregnancy (0.59%). Intervention done include Dilation and evacuation (13.69%), Caesarean section (28.57%), Vaginal delivery (22.62%), Caesarean Hysterectomy (2.38%), Exploratory Laparotomy (20.83%) and conservative management in (11.90%) of patients. Maternal outcome include shock due to rupture ectopic and post-partum (16.68%), Blood Transfusion done in (27.99%), Septicaemia (15.48%), ICU admission (8.92%), HDU (12.5%), Pulmonary oedema (6.54%), DIC (4.16%), CCF (3.57%), Ventilatory Support (1.78%) and Maternal Mortality (2.38%). Fatal outcome includes live birth (58.8%), NICU Admission (27.45%), Ventilatory Support (7.84%) and Neonatal mortality (5.88%).Conclusions: High risk pregnancy identification and proper antenatal, intranatal and postnatal care will reduce the incidence of obstetrical emergencies. Peripheral health care system need to be strengthen and early referral need to be implemented for better maternal and fetal outcome.

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Context: The adverse effects associated with traditional adjunctive chemical agents in the management of gingivitis has stimulated research into search for alternate molecules including herbal products. Aims-To compare the effects of oral curcumin gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) with the effects achieved by SRP alone by assessing their effects on plaque, gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients in the age group of 20–60 years were recruited employing inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study population was randomly divided into two groups. Group A-test group was instructed to use twice daily the experimental curcumin gel after initial SRP. Group B-control group received only SRP. Parameters recorded were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and sulcus bleeding index (SBI) on day 0 (baseline), days 7, 14, and 21 along with subjective assessment of any reported untoward side effect. Data was analyzed statistically. Results: The PI, GI and SBI decreased in both the test group and control group from day 0 to day 21 consecutively. Intergroup comparison shows that all the parameters were statistically significant in Group A ( P < 0.001) as compared to Group B. Conclusion: Curcumin gel has significant antiplaque and anti-inflammatory effect in the treatment of gingivitis and can be effectively employed as an adjunct to SRP.

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Elicitation of cell suspension cultures of Capsicum assamicum (Bhut Jolokia) for enhancement of capsaicin content was tried using different elicitors such as cellulase, vanillin, methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid and sinapic acid in different concentrations for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cell suspension culture was established in B5 media supplemented with 3.5 mM 2,4-D (2,4-diphenoxyacetic acid) and 1.1 mM Kin and elicitors were introduced at the end of exponential phase. All the elicitors, except methyl jasmonate, led to significant increase in production of capsaicin. Sinapic acid, when added in 22 µM concentration and incubated for 24 hours, led to highest capsaicin accumulation of 0.5% (5068 µg/g) which was highest among all the treatments.

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BACKGROUND AND RATIONALETo describe the factors associated with acceptability of immediate post-placental intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) insertion in women according to their sociodemographic and obstetrics characteristics, and to determine the rates of uterine perforation, expulsion, pelvic infection, lost strings and displacement following PPIUCD insertion among the acceptors. This study will enable to advise the policy makers o n strategies to enhance positive factors {e.g. to establish programs that are dedicated in educating parturients and promote post-partum family planning (PPFP)} and remove negative factors that influence PPIUCD use (i.e. to adopt policies that dispel the parturient misbelieves), so as to increase contraceptive prevalence and ensure an increase in the PPFP choice of methods.

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