The emulsions are formed during the production of crude oil, which is often accompanied by water. These emulsions are undesirable and should treat to remove the dispersed water and accompanying inorganic salts. so, many researchers have over the years focused to probe of the appropriate demulsification techniques in the petroleum sector in order to meet production and transportation requirements, and to reduce corrosion and catalyst poisoning and to maximize the overall profitability of the crude oil production. Therefore, this study presents an overview of the emulsions, formation, classification, Stability, and properties. practical demulsification techniques in the petroleum sector, including chemical, microwave irradiation, biological, thermal, membrane, electrical, and ultrasonic techniques for both oilfield and synthetic emulsions. Amongst these techniques, chemical demulsification has been the most widely applied and reported in the literature. Moreover, a more effective demulsification process could be attained by leveraging synergistic effects by combining one or more of these techniques
Emulsions have been widely used in different industrial processes. The development and production of good quality emulsions depend on the knowledge of emulsion preparation, stability mechanisms and rheological studies. To form stable emulsions, an emulsifier is required to reduce the droplet sizes of the emulsions and enhance the emulsion stability. The purpose of this review article is to provide information about types of emulsions, stability mechanisms and rheological studies as well as factor affecting the stability of emulsions.
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