Peritoneal access and creation of pneumoperitoneum are the key initial steps of laparoscopic surgery. This is commonly achieved by either introducing Veress needle or by gradual dissection of all the layers of the abdominal wall and then introducing a port under direct vision. The two techniques are extremely safe, but large outcome studies have found slightly increased complications with the Veress needle. Randomized trials do not support such finding and both techniques continue to have their enthusiasts. We hereby describe an open method of initial port placement, wherein the port is introduced through the umbilical cicatrix under direct vision.
Azardiracta indica (Meliaceae), Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fabaceae) and Pongamia pinnata (Fabaceae) are some of the ancient plants of great medicinal value. Physicochemical and phytochemical estimation was carried out on the seeds of these three crude drugs revealed the presence of some bioactive constituent, which are then qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The bitter components are extracted and isolated by TLC. The Rf values for nimbin, protodioscin and karanjin are 0.57, 0.73 and 0.53 respectively. The corresponding data obtained is comparatively similar with that of standard values. UV absorption spectra's of active components present in crude drugs showed the absorption peaks of nimbin at 217 nm , protodioscin at 366 nm and karanjin at 300 nm.
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