INTRODUCTIONAbnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is a term used to describe any type of bleeding that does not fall within the normal range for amount, frequency, duration and cyclicity.1 AUB is one of the most frequent presentation to gynecology OPD. AUB is a common but complicated clinical presentation and occurs in 15-20% of women between menarche to menopause and significantly affects the women's health.2 Thyroid disorders are more common in women than in men and cause abnormal sexual development, menstrual irregularity, infertility and premature menopause.3 Menstrual abnormality precedes the onset of clinically overt hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. 4 Menstrual irregularities and bleeding problems, due to thyroid disorders are attributed to multiple mechanisms.
ABSTRACTBackground: AUB is a common but complicated clinical presentation and occurs in 15-20% of women between menarche to menopause and significantly affects the women's health. Women with thyroid dysfunction often have menstrual irregularities, infertility and increased morbidity during pregnancy. The objective of present study is to find the correlation between thyroid disorders and AUB in perimenopausal women attending gynecology OPD. Methods: In the present study, fifty five patients with AUB were included and were evaluated for the cause including thyroid abnormality. Thyroid function tests were done in all patients. Results: Among 55 patients, 12 patients were diagnosed as hypothyroidism and 7 as hyperthyroidism, women with AUB 36 (65.4%) were euthyroid. Among 19 women with thyroid abnormality, heavy menstrual bleeding was seen in 8 (42%) women, 6 (31.57%) had polymenorrhagia, 5 (26.31%) had oligomenorrhoea. The frequent menstrual abnormality in women with hypothyroidism (12 women) was heavy menstrual bleeding in 5 (41.6%) women, 3 (25%) had oligomennorhoea, 4 (33.3%) had polymenorrhagia. Out of 7 women with hyperthyroidism, 2 (28.57%) had oligomenorrhoea, 3 (42.8%) had heavy menstrual bleeding, 2 (28.57%) had polymenorrhagia. In a total of 55 patients with AUB, 11 (20%) had structural abnormalities in uterus and ovaries. 5 (9%) had adenomyosis, 3 (5.4%) had ovarian cysts, 3 (5.4%) had fibroids.
Conclusions:It is important to screen all women for thyroid abnormality who are presenting with AUB especially with non-structural causes of AUB. Correction of thyroid abnormalities also relieves AUB. This will avoid unnecessary hormonal treatment and surgery.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.