A 41-year-old woman presented with bilateral total limbal stem cell deficiency, one year after chemical injury. She underwent allogeneic simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) from a cadaveric donor in her right eye. One month later her unaided visual acuity (VA) improved to 20/100 from hand-motions. The corneal surface was avascular and epithelialised. Three months later, she presented with acute pain in right eye with peripheral corneal neovascularisation encircling the transplants, engorged and tortuous perilimbal vessels and diffuse epithelial haze. For a diagnosis of allograft rejection, pulse doses of intravenous methyl prednisolone with intensive topical steroids were administered. Her symptoms resolved in a week, confirming the diagnosis. She recovered her pre-rejection VA. She was maintained on systemic immunosuppressive agents. Her ocular surface continues to be stable. This case describes hitherto unknown clinical features of allograft rejection following SLET and emphasises the importance of continued immunosuppression in allogeneic limbal transplantation.

SLET is an effective alternative to CLET in eyes with recurrence of LSCD after previously failed CLET procedures. Since SLET is single-staged and less expensive, it is probably preferable to repeating CLET.

Our study highlighted that the reliability of USG findings was least in cases of trauma, hence requiring special care while reporting.

A 3-year-old child sustained severe ocular surface burns in her left eye after accidental lime injury. Despite appropriate management in the acute stage, she developed limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) in that eye. This was initially treated with autologous ex vivo cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET), which unfortunately failed after 6 months resulting in recurrence of LSCD. One year following CLET, she underwent simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) using autologous donor tissue from the healthy fellow eye. Successful restoration of the ocular surface following SLET combined with amblyopia therapy led to significant cosmetic and functional improvement. One year following SLET her vision in the left eye was 20/80 and she continues to maintain a stable, avascular and completely epithelised corneal surface. This case illustrates that SLET is effective in treating LSCD even in cases that are conventionally considered to be at high risk for failure of limbal stem cell transplantation.

A child suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia on treatment with exclusive chemotherapy presented with vision-threatening cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in 1 eye. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with 3 weekly doses of 2 mg/0.1 mL intravitreal ganciclovir resulted in successful healing of CMV retinitis with restoration of visual acuity. In children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia on exclusive chemotherapy without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, CMV retinitis has been reported in only 1 case in literature. This child was treated successfully with intravenous ganciclovir. This report highlights the use of successful intravitreal ganciclovir in pediatric age group to avoid side effects of systemic ganciclovir.

Purpose:To study the outcome of removal of retained intraocular foreign bodies (RIOFBs) via limbus using 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (TSV).Materials and Methods:In this prospective, non-comparative interventional case series, fourteen eyes of 14 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled. They underwent 23-gauge TSV for management of posterior segment RIOFB and reviewed at 1 day, 7 days, 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months. Eyes with penetrating eye injury involving cornea or limbus (corneal injury not so severe to hinder vitrectomy), cataract associated with anterior and/or posterior capsular tear requiring cataract surgery and posterior segment RIOFB with minimal posterior segment involvement were included. Main outcome measures include success in removal of RIOFB without enlarging sclerotomy, ability to preserve capsular support, improvement in visual acuity and complications, if any.Results:All eyes underwent the successful RIOFB removal through limbal port without enlarging scleral ports. None of the eyes required suturing of the sclera, cornea or conjunctiva. Anterior capsular rim could be preserved in all eyes except one. Postoperatively follow up ranged from one year in 8, 6 months in 4 and 3 months in 2 eyes. The mean logMAR visual acuity at 3, 6, and 12 months showed significant improvement. There were no intraoperative complications. Postoperative complications include microscopic hyphema and loose blood in vitreous cavity in one eye.Conclusion:The advantages of 23-gauge TSV for removal of RIOFB may be passed on to select cases. RIOFB removal through limbal route obviated the need for scleral port enlargement and preserved capsular support for early visual rehabilitation.

SUMMARYAn 11-year-old boy underwent simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) from the healthy right eye to his left eye for total limbal stem cell deficiency. One month later, corneal surface epithelialised and whitish plaques overlying the transplants were seen inferiorly. Those plaques were adherent to the surface of the contact lens and underlying corneal surface had smooth elevations. Similar findings were noted in a 23-year man following cyanoacrylate glue application for corneal perforation. On histological and immunohistochemical analysis, cells lining the contact lenses were identified as corneal epithelial cells. These cases illustrate epithelial cell growth on the contact lens and epithelial hyperplasia on corresponding surface of the cornea. Exorbitant proliferation of the epithelial cells may be owing to young age; therefore, early contact lens removal after SLET in young age, can possibly avoid epithelial hyperplasia. This also reiterates the possibility of using contact lens as a scaffold to grow epithelial cells. BACKGROUND

Primary branch retinal artery occlusion can be an atypical presentation of idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis syndrome. Such a case should be thoroughly investigated for underlying hypercoagulable state. Also, a careful long-term follow-up is required for these patients to prevent any neovascularization sequelae.