Pattanam, a small village in Ernakulam district of Kerala state, India, located on the Periyar river delta, invites the attention of researchers of various disciplines for its recent archaeological discoveries of maritime features. Large number antiquities of foreign -origin excavated from here suggests that, this area had trade relationship with the Mediterranean world, and probably was a part of ancient spice trade network. A single trench was excavated as part of archaeological excavation in 2015 by the Kerala Council for Historical Research, Thiruvananthapuram. Examination of peat samples, which was found as a layer of 3-5 cm at a depth of 320-325 cm,under the sandy layers representing iron age (BC 5 -10 th century) yielded a diverse spectrum of botanical specimens such as thorns, seeds, fruits, floral parts, leaves, stems, barks, wood and plant resins. The paleo-environment and plant utilization of the area were represented by the archaeobotanical specimens resemble Coconut, Indian cotton tree, Indian coral tree, Zanthoxylon sps., Amla etc. The presence of macrobotanical specimens resemble morphologically to Black pepper, Cardamom, Clove, Sesame etc., point towards the ancient spice trade activity in the region as mentioned in the ancient literatures. Diversity of the discovered ethnographically important botanical specimens suggested human plant interactions, trade activities and paleo-environment of this area in the ancient times.