This study compared associations between methamphetamine use, drug use other than methamphetamine, and HIV transmission factors among men who have sex with men, attending an sexually transmitted disease clinic. Of 6435 participants, newly recognized HIV status (OR: 3.02 95% CI: 2.30, 3.99) was associated with methamphetamine use compared with nondrug users, an association not found among other club drug users.
Background: Mental health of women is adversely affected during pregnancy. Stress and depression during pregnancy negatively impact birthweight and neuro-cognitive development of the fetus. The current crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic further adds to the stressful situation. Yoga practiced during pregnancy has beneficial effects on improving stress and depression and preliminary evidence suggests that yoga-based interventions can improve immunity. This study aims to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a Yoga -based intervention for maternal Mental health and iMmunity (Yoga-M 2) in a rural community in India. Methods: The study design will be a single-blind individual randomized parallel group-controlled pilot trial with 1:1 allocation ratio. Adult pregnant women, with gestational age between 12–24 weeks will be randomly allocated to either the Yoga-M 2 group or the Enhanced Usual Care (EUC) group. Participants in the Yoga-M 2 arm will attend weekly group yoga sessions for 12 weeks and will be encouraged to practice yoga at home. In the EUC arm, participants will receive a single session of health education. Eligibility of the participants, recruitment, retention-in-care, and study completion rates will be estimated and feasibility of delivering Yoga-M 2 and acceptability of this intervention by the participants will be assessed. Change in the scores of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), EuroQoL 5 Dimensions Score (EQ-5D-5L), Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Severity Scale (WURSS-21), and serum C-Reactive Protein at three-months from baseline will be used to assess preliminary efficacy. Discussion: The key outputs of this trial will be a structured intervention manual and evidence about the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the intervention, establishing the foundation to undertake an explanatory randomized controlled trial to assess efficacy and cost-effectiveness of Yoga-M 2 intervention. Trial registration: CTRI/2022/01/039701. Prospectively registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India on 25 January 2022.
Bel-Air College of Nursing in India promotes nondiscriminatory care of persons living with HIV throughout its programs, albeit with no specific intervention. We examined whether nursing students' stigmatizing attitudes were related to number of years at Bel-Air. At the start of the 2015 and 2016 academic years, 310 Bachelor's (BScN; 4-year program) and 119 Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM; 2-year program) students completed the Zelaya and colleagues (2008) Stigma Scale (24 Likert-type items). Three subscales (Fear, Blame, Personal Discrimination) measured Overall Personal Stigma. The fourth subscale measured Perceived Community Discrimination. BScN students' mean Overall Personal Stigma and subscales scores declined and Perceived Community Discrimination scores increased from Year 1 to 4. For ANM students, Overall Personal Stigma, Fear, and Personal Discrimination scores were lower for Year 2 than Year 1 students. Bel-Air emphasizes effective and nondiscriminatory care throughout the entire curriculum, providing a model for reducing student nurses' stigmatizing attitudes.
The primary objective of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to study the feasibility (recruitment and retention rates) for interval training and sleep hygiene (SH) in adults aged above 60 years. Thirteen out of 46 screened individuals from a home for older adults in Shirdi (Maharashtra, India) were randomly assigned by permuted block randomization to either an interval training with SH group (n = 6) or an SH alone group (n = 7). The authors measured sleep with the S+ sleep monitor manufactured by ResMed (USA) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and quality of life with Short Form-12 health survey version 2. Interval training consisted of 8 weeks of stationary cycling, whereas SH consisted of lecture and handouts. Recruitment was 38.2%, retention was >80% for both the interventions, and there was one loss to follow-up in SH. Interval training and SH were feasible for older adults and supported a full-scale randomized controlled trial.
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