This study is aimed at increasing the efficiency of multimodal freight transportations by forming a risks management system based on the identification of transport risk factors, methods of their measurement and management both at the projecting (planning) stage of the multimodal route and further on – in order to assess their possible impact on the efficiency of freight transportation in general. The authors examine the problematics of multimodal freight transportations organization in the context of transport risks management, which provides for the choice of such an option of management influences on elements of the transportation system (logistics centers, transport hubs, various types of transport, freight transport units, specific transport companies and their rolling stock, containers, etc.), in which freight delivery would be carried out in terms of the most efficient and qualitative indicators under the known initial conditions and existing restrictions. The article substantiates the proposals development in view of optimal relationships between elements of multimodal freight transportations on the basis of an efficient risks management system, which is a special type of management activity directed towards mitigating the influence of risk groups, determining the permissible (acceptable) level of risk based on methods that allow avoiding losses arising as result of a particular risk. A methodical approach to choosing the optimal multimodal transport-technological scheme is proposed, which allows considering subjective criteria (completeness of service, reliability, etc.) as decisive under the condition of relatively equal cost and time of alternative freight delivery options and in the context of permissible values of such objective criteria as storage conditions, high-speed mode of transportation in the territory of a particular country, region, city, axial load, climatic conditions, ecological restrictions, etc. At the scientific-methodological level, the stage of the decision-making process is generalized along with the separation of relevant goals in the context of managing transport risks in multimodal freight transportations, the observance of which will guarantee to ensure the acceptance by the operator of multimodal transportations of a rational and secure transport-technological scheme of freight delivery.
The relevance of the study is determined by the public interest in logistic support of urban transport flows and tourism. The aim of the article is to determine the best innovative practices of providing transport and tourist flows by different urban transport modes, and also to identify prospects for their use in conditions of domestic markets. The study found that according to the German experience as one of the best practices, the priority of the development should be given to the rail transport as a key component of urban transport and logistics infrastructure, including the tourism sector. It was determined that the integrated urban intelligent transport system includes the traffic management system, the public transport management system, the parking management system and the logistics flow management system, considering the impact of tourism. The regularities of the influence of factors on the dynamics of urban transport flows were determined based on a critical analysis of a number of specific cases. The prospects for the development of rural areas adjacent to such cities were determined, given the development of transport and logistics infrastructure of the country. The materials of the study can be useful for employees of the transport and logistics sector and the sphere of tourist services, researchers, graduate students, doctoral students, and government officials.
The basis of better organization of production, strengthening the competitiveness of the business entity in the market, the formation of its image in the socio-economic environment is marketing and marketing communications. The article considers the theoretical foundations of the complex of marketing communications of a special purpose airline with consumers of agricultural aviation services. The target consumers for the special purpose airline in the market of agricultural aviation works are agricultural enterprises. This paper proposes the use of aviation method of plant protection, which is effective for both special purpose airlines and agricultural enterprises. The main component of active influence on the target market of agricultural aviation services is the marketing support of a special purpose airline. Using the «four P» and «four C» models in the development of marketing strategies, a set of marketing elements for a special purpose airline is presented and the impact of marketing communications on the activities of a special purpose airline is determined. Each participant in the market of agricultural aviation works gets the effect only when the consumer benefits from the provided aviation services. The paper proposes a scheme of interconnection of participants in the market of agricultural aviation works, which shows the components of the effectiveness of the process of agricultural aviation works for each of its participants. Thus, marketing support for the effectiveness of agricultural aviation work is a measure carried out by a special purpose airline to attract potential consumers (agricultural enterprises) to services developed, implemented and provided in the field of agricultural aviation agricultural aviation works and aimed at attracting consumer attention and information, persuasion, reminders. ways to meet their needs and quality of services, which allows you to compare similar services, stimulate consumer demand. The scheme of realization of a complex of marketing of the airline of special purpose at performance of agricultural aviation works is developed.
The role of multimodal transportation in the world market of transport services is defined in the article. Emphasis is placed on the significant pace of its development in a number of countries (first of all in the EU, the USA and China). It made it possible to minimize costs and increase interest to the countries in the international transportation system. It is established that development of multimodal (combined) transportation is considered to be promising in the growth of the transport system of Ukraine. International conventions and regulations of the world’s leading countries are analyzed. Typical features of multimodal transportation are singled out. Namely: implication of two or more modes of transport under one contract in the process of transportation; freight transportation under one document (through bill of lading); use of through tariff rate; presence of one of responsible parties – multimodal transport operator, that is responsible for freight from the moment of taking it under control up to the moment of its transfer to the consignee. Based on the study of the global trends in development of multimodal transportation, practices, which are of interest for further introduction in Ukraine, are defined. Namely: introduction of the effective transport policy in this field and creation of the regulatory base; development of multimodal transportation on the basis of the integrated approach, which provides for implementation of the relevant plans and programs; creation of multimodal transport system and new corridors; overcoming the infrastructural imbalance; construction of the modern multimodal logistic centers and their equipment; containerization of freight transportation; development of contrailer connections and expansion of the routes; improvement of services quality by introducing the latest innovative technologies for transportation process organization (use of electronic goods declaration; organization of digital transport corridors; electronic support of any chain of the freight delivery, use of the monitoring system for freight delivery control); implementation of the effective management system for risks arising in the process of multimodal transportation.
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