In this article a linguocultural approach to the study of phraseology through the prism of linguistic and cultural interaction is offered; the role of set expressions with anthroponymic components in the language picture of the world is determined; the theoretical and methodological bases of the linguocultural aspect of set expressions with anthromonymic components researches are studied. It is the linguocultural aspect of the study of such language units as stable expressions, which include anthroponyms, that contributes to the identification of spiritual, moral, ethical values of each separate national and cultural community, making it possible to establish the interaction of language and culture, in particular, including determining the national specifics of investigated languages, and the separation of universal phenomena inherent in them. This research is based on the main idea of modern anthropocentric linguistics, that the human is in the focus of attention. It should be mentioned, that it is necessary to highlight the anthropocentric substratum of modern philological studies of phraseology, and their orientation on the investigating the phraseological semantics. In addition, it’s important to identify various mechanisms of the language and culture interaction on the example of set expressions with anthroponymic components, taking into account that the universal and national specific characteristics, reflected in such phraseological signs, are not fully studied (the centuries old historical memory of the nation, its psychology, mentality, social practice, economic and political structure etc.). The urgency of this study is determined by the ever increasing interest in modern linguistic researches to the theory of intertext, in particular, to the investigation of intertextual phraseology as an actualization of linguocultural concepts in the process of concept space modeling. The relevance of this article is defined by contrastive and typological approach to the analysis of linguistic material – set expressions with anthroponymic components, their intertextual connections and specifics of understanding. It serves to facilitate the identification of typological patterns and trends, and culturally stipulated interlingual differences of the language conceptualization expression in different ethnic groups. The feasibility of set expressions conceptual analysis is explained by scientific interest to the theory of intertextuality as a linguistic category, which will contribute to the accession of scientific studies in intertext, hypertext, precedentness, text typology etc.
У статті розглянуто теоретико-методологічні основи дослідження національно-культурної семантики англійських власних імен; подано теоретичні й методологічні положення, на яких базується вивчення національно-культурних особливостей стійких висловлювань з антропонімічним компонентом в англійській мові; окреслено національно-культурні особливості стійких висловлювань з антропонімічним компонентом в англійській мові; визначено джерела антропонімів у складі стійких висловлювань англійської мови. Ключові слова: стійкі висловлювання, національно-культурна специфіка, менталітет, антропонімічний компонент, постмодерністський художній дискурс.
In this article the anthropocentric approach to the study of the national language picture of the world through the prism of linguistic and cultural interaction is offered; the role of non-equivalent vocabulary in the language and conceptual picture of the world is determined due to the theoretical and methodological principles of the linguocultural aspect of research. The accentuation of the human factor as one of the central ones in anthropocentric linguistics brings to the fore the need to study the problems of describing the language structure, as well as the tasks of comprehensive study of the language personality, capable of generating and understanding speech. The establishing of the relationship between the language and culture on the example of non-equivalent vocabulary promotes the revealing of the national cultural specifics of the researched units, and defining universal phenomena, that are inherent in each individual national cultural community. The linguocultural research involves in-depth study of language units, the semantic structure of which is marked by national specifics. The relevance of this research is defined by contrastive and typological approach to the analysis of language signs, especially non-equivalent linguistic material. Various mechanisms of the language and culture interaction on the example of non-equivalent vocabulary are studied, taking into account the urgency of this research, which is determined by the interest in modern linguistic works to the investigation of linguocultural concepts actualization in the process of сoncept space modeling.
Each new designation associated with a designation already fixed in the language is traditionally and automatically considered a case of semantic neology and is a case of polysemy. This simplistic analysis does not take into account morphological analysis and ignores the semantic laws that govern changes in meaning. The paper examines the meaning and evolution of semantic neologisms in military English discourse. In particular, three types of neologisms can be distinguished: neologisms-borrowings, neologisms-homonyms, and semantic neologisms. The emphasis is placed on semantic neologisms since they are the ones that become a problem for translators due to the tendency to polysemy. The paper examines the neologisms of military discourse in the context of the specifics of the narrative of translations of military texts by S. Zhadan. Unlike a large number of other linguistic concepts, such as a phoneme, morpheme, the concept of neologism seems to be well known to everyone, and in general, consensus means “new word”. Based on this, one might expect unanimity in the identification and analysis of neologisms and slangisms. However, there are many discussions about the neological status of a particular lexical item. Scientists emphasize a very high rate of dispersion of linguistic new formations, without a clear differentiation between neologisms and slangisms. Therefore, in the presented work we analyse the problems of translation of semantic neologisms and slangisms on the basis of English translations of the existential specificity of the narrative of the war-themed texts by S. Zhadan “Boarding School”. The issue of the newest intuitive concept of neology and the potential of slangisms to form a formal matrix, and neologisms - a semantic one, is actualized.
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