Colonies of Artemisia verlotiorum (Asteraceae), an alien species of East Asian origin now widespread in many countries of the world, were found in 2018 in Kyiv in the Syrets Arboretum (Syretskiy Dendropark) and in a nearby abandoned plant nursery and greenhouses. At present, three clonal colonies have been revealed. Most probably rhizomes of that species were initially introduced to Kyiv with soil and/or imported trees and/or shrubs. However, one colony (along the wall of the administrative building of the arboretum) most probably emerged from seeds dispersed by wind from the main (supposedly initial) colony in the abandoned nursery. Before our find in Kyiv, A. verlotiorum was reliably known in Ukraine in Crimea (reported since the 1920s), Transcarpathia, and from Lviv (recent records, to be discussed in detail in a forthcoming article). Most probably A. verlotiorum is spreading in Eastern Europe mainly by rhizome fragments with soil and plant material. Other alien taxa of the Artemisia vulgaris group (especially A. umbrosa and A. argyi) occur in Ukraine mainly as "railroad" plants.
Purpose. To analyze the taxonomic and varietal diversity of the collection of spicy plants of the Syrets Arboretum, evaluate their decorative qualities and determine the directions of use in landscape design. Methods. The subject of the study is spicy plants grown on the territory of the Syrets Arboretum, which are a part of the collection of open ground plants. The species and varieties of this group of plants were introduced in the arboretum from 1949 to 2021. In the process of research, methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization of information were used. Results. It has been established that the collection of spicy plants of the Syrets Arboretum includes 69 taxa belonging to 33 genera, 12 families. There are 52 species and 25 cultivars among them. The largest number of representatives are in the families Lamiaˆceae – 32 taxa, Amaryllidaceae – 11 taxa and Asteraceae – 9 taxa. The life forms of spicy plants are represented by woody (19 taxa) and herbal plants (50 taxa, of which 10 annual, 2 biennial, and 38 perennial forms). The traditional fields of application of spicy plants are food, medicine (pharmacology) and perfumery. In addition, their decorative varieties and cultivars are used to create landscape compositions. In particular, on the territory of the Syrets Arboretum, spicy plants are the compositional basis of the thematic “garden of spicy aromatic plants”, they are used as elements of classic flower beds and summer compositions, thematic compositions (national and pharmacy gardens, vegetable flower beds), alpine slides and rocky gardens, etc. Conclusions. Many years of experience in landscape design and creation of floral arrangements in the Syrets Arboretum showes that spicy plants are an important element in all types of tested decorative compositions. It is revealed that out of 69 spicy plants that grow on collectible plantings of the Sirets Arboretum, 51 have decorative qualities and are used as decorative-floral and decorative-deciduous species. The taxonomic and varietal variety of spicy plants has considerable potential for breeding work and creation of highly decorative landscape compositions of various purposes. Due to the availability of different life forms and biomorphological features, it is advisable to use spicy plants in different types of plantations for decorative gardening and landscape design.
Taxonomic composition of native and alien plants of the genus Corydalis s. l. in the flora of Ukraine has been analyzed. Based on literature, herbarium, inventory and other information, it was established for the first time that 3 native taxa (outside natural ranges) and 16 alien taxa of the genus Corydalis were recorded among ergasiophytes in botanical gardens and dendrological parks of Ukraine. The majority of these ergasiophytes (73.7 %) have not been preserved in the collections of living plants, indicating a low level of naturalization. The leading scientific center for the plant cultivation, where 82.4 % of alien taxa of the genus Corydalis have been cultivated, is the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv). Additionally, 4 alien taxa at different stages of naturalization were noted in the spontaneous flora of Ukraine. These include the ephemerophyte C. bracteata, colonophyte C. lutea, epecophyte C. cava subsp. marschalliana (outside the natural range) and hemiagryophyte C. caucasica. In the conditions of M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden and Syretsky Dendrological Park (Kyiv) ontogenetic structure of native coenopopulations of C. solida and introduced coenopopulations of naturalized alien taxa C. cava subsp. marschalliana and C. caucasica have been found. It was found that the coenopopulations of C. solida belong to the mature or aging types; C. cava subsp. marshalliana – to the young type; C. caucasica – young with a bias towards an invasive type. The highest density and a high seed germination in various coenotic conditions, which emphasizes the invasive nature of this species, distinguish coenopopulations of C. caucasica. Its expansion in the conditions of the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden corresponds to the existing trend of the invasive spread of alien species from the southern regions, which is intensified by Global Climate Change. Due to the invasive activity of C. caucasica, this alien taxon, according to existing recommendations, should be considered as an invasive plant at the initial stage of expansion, so it should not be recommended for introduction to other countries and should be prevented from spreading in Ukraine.
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