This study was done on 122 diabetic patients 1–17 (mean duration of disease was 10 years) who had been under the treatment with insulin a mean 8 years. Observation and palpation techniques, as well as ultrasonography of subcutaneous fat were used in assessing LH in these diabetics. On the basis of palpation LH were revealed in 37,7 % patients. Further ultrasonography of injection sites was performed to all patients. LH were revealed in 72,9 % patients, including those subjects with palpatory changes. Pathologic areas of subcutaneous fat the most often were occurred in paraumbilical regions — 61 % patients. Problem of LH has been modified. As a result, traditional methods of LH diagnostics have become not an informative. Thus, Ultrasound can be used for early diagnosis of lipodystrophy in children with diabetes. The nature of the different LD. Hyper-echogenic areas in the subcutaneous fat may be regarded as the result of injury or blunt needle foreign inclusions from synthetic needle cover. Such LD as the muscle a shape is difficult to treat and does not disappear after the change of the injection site.
Progression of diabetic retinopathy is associated with a large number of risk factors, and hyperlipidemia is one of the most common. The work is focused on peculiarities of the progression of juvenile diabetic retinopathy (JDR), depending on the presence of concomitant distyroidism in patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus (JDM), the state of lipid metabolism and melatonin production. The aim. To determine the features of the JDR progression depending on the type of concomitant dysthyroidism, the state of lipid metabolism and production of the hormone melatonin. Materials and methods. The examination of three groups of patients was carried out: group 1 (152 patients) included patients in whom JDM proceeded without thyropathy; group 2 (99 patients) included patients with JDM in combination with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT); group 3 (111 patients) included patients in whom JDM was accompanied by an increased level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Results. It was found that the frequency of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in the group with JCD and elevated TSH (21.6%) was 2.7 times higher than the frequency of PDR in the group with JDM and AIT (8.1%) and 3.7 times exceeded the frequency of PDD in JDM without distyroidism (5.9%). The greatest violations of all links of lipid metabolism were found in patients with JDM with an increased level of TSH, which contributes to a more pronounced progression of JDR than in patients without thyropathy or concomitant AIT. The average daily excretion of the hormone melatonin (M) among the studied groups was the lowest in patients with PDD with JCD in combination with increased TSH (38.4 ± 2.7 nmol/day) compared with patients with PDD with JCD without thyropathy (48.3 ± 3.8 nmol/day; p <0.01) and with AIT (42.5 ± 5.6 nmol/day; p <0.01), and compared with the control indicator (52.7 ± 5.8 nmol/day; p <0.001). Conclusions. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that the combination of type 1 JDM with elevated TSH is accompanied by significant disorders of lipid metabolism and melatonin production and this is a risk factor for accelerated progression of JDR. Keywords: juvenile diabetic retinopathy, thyropathy, melatonin production, lipid metabolism.
The study analyzed the nature of microcirculatory disorders (MP) in 304 children and
adolescents and the influence on the microcirculation of various factors inherent in obesity. In 74% of children and
Adolescents with obesity have microcirculation disorders of varying degrees, in half of patients (51%) due to preclinical changes and functional MP, including 22.5% of patients
disorders of moderate severity of sympathetic-atonic form are revealed. It is shown that it is important
Insulin resistance (IR), hyperinsulinemia, have a place in the formation of MP in obesity.
hypertriglyceridemia and abdominal obesity, in the presence of which more severe functional disorders of microcirculation predominate in 70% of patients.
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