Автор для корреспонденции АННОТАЦИЯ Предмет исследования -комплекс финансовых технологий, активно используемых в финансово-кредитной сфере России и за рубежом. Цель исследования -показать место технологического прогресса, основанного на использовании FinTech и развитии человеческого капитала, в российской экономике; трансформацию бизнес-процессов на основе современных финансовых технологий, создающих новые перспективные возможности и отвечающих на вызовы Индустрии 4.0. Рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с исследованием перспектив развития финансовых технологий в мировой практике и возможностями их адаптации в деятельности российских финансовых организаций. Исследование базируется на анализе данных, предоставленных международными консалтинговыми компаниями, аналитическими центрами и официальными источниками данных Центрального банка (Банка России). Использованы методы: сравнительных исследований, эмпирический, логический, графический, анализа, интерпретации и сопоставления. Авторы оценили рост роли финансовых технологий в экономике России, выявили основные проблемы и обозначили перспективы развития на основе интеграции традиционных институтов и финтех-компаний для воспроизводства финансовых инноваций в будущем. В итоге сделан вывод, что повышение технологичности банковских процессов возможно на основе цифровизации с применением разнообразных финансовых технологий, что приведет к упрощению и оптимизации традиционных операций, предотвращению мошенничества, позволит создать новые и более персонализированные предложения в соответствии с потребностями клиентов, изменяя при этом способ взаимодействия с ними. Ключевые слова: цифровая экономика; финансовые технологии; искусственный интеллект; большие данные; блокчейн
Nowadays, the concept of smart sustainable governance is wrapped around basic principles such as: (i) transparency, (ii) accountability, (iii) stakeholders’ involvement, and iv) citizens’ participation. It is through these principles that are influenced by information and communication technologies (ICT), Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence, that the practices employed by citizens and their interaction with electronic government (e-government) are diversified. Previously, the misleading concepts of the smart city implied only the objective of the local level or public officials to utilize technology. However, the recent European experience and research studies have led to a more comprehensive notion that refers to the search for intelligent solutions which allow modern sustainable cities to enhance the quality of services provided to citizens and to improve the management of urban mobility. The smart city is based on the usage of connected sensors, data management, and analytics platforms to improve the quality and functioning of built-environment systems. The aim of this paper is to understand the effects of the pandemic on smart cities and to accentuate major exercises that can be learned for post-COVID sustainable urban management and patterns. The lessons and implications outlined in this paper can be used to enforce social distancing community measures in an effective and timely way, and to optimize the use of resources in smart and sustainable cities in critical situations. The paper offers a conceptual overview and serves as a stepping-stone to extensive research and the deployment of sustainable smart city platforms and intelligent transportation systems (a sub-area of smart city applications) after the COVID-19 pandemic using a case study from Russia. Overall, our results demonstrate that the COVID-19 crisis encompasses an excellent opportunity for urban planners and policy makers to take transformative actions towards creating cities that are more intelligent and sustainable.
The purpose of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of monetization as a priority of the new monetary growth of the economies using the example of the Russian economy, identifying new trends in global practices of monetary factor management, as well as the search for ways to stimulate economic growth using the best international experience. Our paper tackles the novel research question of whether changing the priorities of monetary policy from targeting (and curbing) inflation to stimulating economic growth might yield more favorable economic results and what best world practices should be appropriately introduced in Russia to improve the effectiveness of monetary policy. The key results of the paper are focused on a comparative analysis of the economies’ development under the influence of monetary factors in comparison with the most progressive economies, the study of the best practices for increasing the monetization of national economies, and the identification of recommendations for determining the most optimal way to increase economic growth through the monetization of the economy. Monetarist views on the decisive role of fiat money in the development of the real sector of the economy, capital markets, payment and settlement systems, the standard of living of the population, and other important aspects of macro- and microeconomics have become the mainstream of government regulation. It seemed that by finding the right indicators of the relationship between interest rates, GDP, and inflation, all problems of economic growth could be solved. By increasing the amount of money faster than the achieved economic growth, it was believed that it was possible to stimulate GDP growth through monetary investments and credit, i.e., more money was issued than the value produced represented by the goods and services. Accordingly, new money that had no value had to create new value. We argue that monetization can be seen as the main factor in providing such incentives. Our results can be useful for central bankers, policymakers, and stakeholders in the banking and financial sector. The conclusions and recommendations of the authors are based on studies conducted using such research methods as content analysis, logical analysis, and statistical analysis.
Under the concept of green economy, discovering how to utilize the Green Credit Guidelines in a way that guides enterprises to focus on their industries and to promote sustainable development has become an important and urgent objective. It is also conducive to the successful implementation of the “double-carbon target”. This paper uses Chinese A-share listed enterprises from 2007–2018 as its research object to explore whether green credit policy is conducive to reducing the financialization behavior of heavily polluting enterprises to curb their transformation from real to virtual. It is found that the financialization of heavily polluting enterprises has significantly decreased since the implementation of the Green Credit Guidelines in 2012, and these results remain unchanged after a series of robustness tests. A heterogeneity analysis shows that state-owned enterprises are subject to stronger policy effects than non-state-owned enterprises; furthermore, the studied policy effects are stronger in the eastern regions of China than in its central and western regions, and these effects are stronger in green provinces than in polluting provinces. A mechanism study finds that credit constraints and corporate innovation play a partially mediating role in the effect of green credit policy on corporate financialization. Further studies find that both the level of internal corporate governance and external monitoring contribute to the disincentivizing effect of green credit policy on financialization. Moreover, through an exploration of the possible economic consequences of the examined policy, it is found that the green credit policy reduces corporate financialization in favor of reducing inefficient corporate investment and major shareholders’ tunneling so that the level of corporate investor protection is improved. The findings validate the effectiveness of the Green Credit Guidelines and provide empirical evidence and empirical support for reducing corporate financialization to curb enterprises’ transformation from real to virtual and thus promoting the development of sustainability.
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