This article covers the issue of determining new standards of tourist and hotel business, including safety in new realities formed under the influence of novel coronavirus infection. The authors provide research results representing strategic development priorities of safety standards and business models of hotel business of St. Petersburg in the conditions of restrictions and post-Covid period.
The article analyzes the current state of the institution of parliamentary parties in the Russian Federation, the political and legal conditions of their activities, and examines the political processes that determine the trends and prospects for their development. The study of modern scientific literature on the relevant topic made it possible to get acquainted with various assessments of the state of the parliamentary parties institution in Russia, as well as with the factors that determine the features of their development at the present time. The method of problem-chronological analysis made it possible to determine the main stages in the evolution of parliamentary political parties in Russia. The method of comparative analysis made it possible to identify common and specific features of their development in current conditions. The development of the institution of parliamentary parties is considered in the context of the modernization processes of the entire political system of Russian society, the evolution of the public administration system. The author notes the significant role of external factors, including crisis phenomena in the international situation, growing tensions and the transition to open confrontation between Russia and the West. This has a considerable impact on the ideological component of political parties, both pro-government and those representing the parliamentary opposition. The article concludes that the changes taking place in the socio-political life of modern Russia predetermine the emergence of new forms and mechanisms of decision-making, affect the role of parliament and parliamentary parties in the process of political decision-making, affect the capabilities and potential of political parties. According to the author, the prospects for the development of the institution of parliamentary parties in modern Russia directly depend on the entire system of public administration and social development, their improvement and further enhancement of the role of political parties at the national, regional and local levels.
Various aspects of credit risk have been studied by many researchers. Scientists and practitioners consider different credit risk assessment methods depending on its application, e.g. to determine capital adequacy, to make loss loan provisions, or to estimate its influence on the interest rate. At the same time, there are almost no studies that consider the relationship between loan loss provisioning framework and loan decisions. The study seeks to 1) understand how the practices and procedures of loan loss provisioning impact total gross loans of Russian banks, and 2) identify constraints for insufficient levels of lending and factors that can foster lending.With the use of an econometric model we estimate a quantitative effect of credit portfolio on the growth of loan loss provisions. We base our model on data derived from financial statements of 400 Russian credit institutions between 2014 and 2019. In addition to our empirical model, we analyze statistical data on the development of the Russian banking system and compare the loan loss provisions in Russian and foreign financial organizations. The estimates are based on Russian official statistics and financial statements of banks within and outside Russia. The study reveals that the existing credit risk assessment method that rests on the regulations provided by the Bank of Russia is responsible for excessive loan loss provisions accumulated by Russian banks. This, in turn, affects the volumes of bank loans.In our research we have arrived at the conclusion that the existing loan loss provisioning is excessive. Current loan loss provisions do not correspond to real lending losses. They negatively affect the financial results of credit institutions, resulting in ungrounded refusals to lend, which in turn limits economic growth. These results support the rationale for reinventing the existing framework of loan loss provisioning.
The purpose of this article is to study the problem of the Russian specifics of partogenesis in modern socio-political discourse. Particular attention is paid to the formation and development of the party system in modern Russia. The presence of a meaningful relationship between the stage of the emergence of a multi-party system in the period of the Russian Empire, the post-revolutionary Soviet period when the one-party system was approved, and, finally, the modern multi-party system in the Russian Federation.
The article analyzes the concept of an “ideal state” in socio-political thought and program guidelines of the leading political parties in modern Russia. The main purpose of the article is to assess state ideals in the world and domestic political discourse as an integral part of the world political culture, which is of decisive importance for the development of national socio-political consciousness in the modern conditions of a renewing Russia.
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