The spread of digital technology is transforming business processes. The transition to online trading is at the same time a consequence and cause of changes in the society of consumers of various goods and services. The lack of understanding of consumer behavior when planning and making their online purchases becomes apparent. The questions of consumer behavior in various specific areas of business remain unexplored, for example, the handmade industry, which is, inter alia, a way of self-awareness of one’s identity. The object of the study was the online shoppers of handmade goods. The subject of the study was the factors in the process of making their purchasing decisions. The aim of the study was to establish the level of involvement and the nature of the incentive as factors in the decision-making process on the purchase of handmade goods on the Internet. The research methodology is based on the notion that a number of resource and situational factors influence the level of involvement in the decision-making process on the online purchase of handmade goods and the nature of the prevailing incentive in customer motivation. The points of view on the concept of the level of involvement, the nature of the prevailing stimulus are investigated, and existing approaches to their determination are identified. The points of view on the features of consumer behavior when making online purchases of handmade goods are investigated. A tool has been developed to measure the level of involvement and the nature of the prevailing incentive when making online purchases of handmade goods. A study of buyers showed the predominance of medium and high levels of involvement and emotional stimulus as factors in the decision-making process on buying handmade goods on the Internet. The findings are important for developing marketing strategies.
The article examines the role of the tourism industry in creating new jobs in the regions and increasing the welfare of the population. The multiplicative effect of the tourism industry is expressed in the active development of related sectors of the national economy. The spillover effect of tourism spending on the region’s economy can be estimated using an “input-output” model. The paper provides an algorithm for determining the impact of changes in tourism spending on gross output by industry, income and employment in the region. Studies have shown that the development of tourism in St. Petersburg leads to an uneven formation of output, income and employment in various sectors of the region’s economy. The development of the concept of sustainable tourism development should be based on an assessment of the socio-economic state and prospects for the development of the tourism industry. The methodology, which includes an assessment of the resource and throughput potential, is most fully consistent with the principles of the concept of sustainable tourism development. Application of the World Bank methodology for the development of the adjusted net savings index. It allows you to internalize the external costs of economic activity associated with negative impacts on ecosystems and public health, which are an underestimated value in models of sustainable tourism development. The combination of this methodology with traditional multifactor models for assessing the level of tourism development will allow a more targeted approach to the choice of mechanisms and objects of state regulation at the regional levels within the framework of indicative planning.
In the work, the economic justification of the efficiency of export operations of LLC “Industrial Group “Phosphorite” was carried out. The enterprise under study is a part of EuroChem Group AG and sells products on the Russian market and also exports mineral fertilizers to foreign markets. The organization and features of export operations are investigated. The basic principles and methods of state regulation of foreign trade activity in the Russian Federation are considered. When considering the world and domestic market of mineral fertilizers, the analysis of volume indicators of chemical industry production was carried out, the main importing countries of Russian fertilizers and the main competitors of EuroChem Group AG were identified. The paper analyzes the foreign economic activity of EuroChem Group AG and its subsidiary LLC “Industrial Group “Phosphorite”. The main markets for products were identified and a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of two export transactions was carried out. Based on the effectiveness assessment, recommendations were made to increase the profitability of export transactions. The implementation of measures to increase the efficiency of export transactions will lead to an increase in the company’s profitability.
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