The problem of corrosive destruction of concrete and reinforced concrete structures of industrial buildings affected by aggressive environments does not lose its relevance, because, despite the abundance of modern methods of protection, there are still no radical methods of corrosion control. Corrosive destruction of building materials leads to a strength and load-bearing capacity reduction, loss of aesthetic properties of concrete and reinforced concrete structures and, consequently, to a decrease in the residual life of buildings and structures. The biological factor often acts as an intensifier of corrosive destruction. In this regard, it is reasonable to search for the possibility of predicting the durability of concrete and reinforced concrete structures in aggressive liquid mediums, taking into account the biofactor effect from the standpoint of mass transfer theory. The authors present a model of mass transfer in a concrete structure exposed to aggressive environment and biofouling. The proposed physical and mathematical model considers the properties of concrete and aggressive environment, as well as the kinetics of continuous processes of growth, reproduction and death of microorganisms. The results of numerical experiments on the proposed mathematical model are provided. The application of the received solutions will allow timely monitoring of biocorrosive destruction of concrete and reinforced concrete structures and selecting effective methods of protection.
The domestic enterprises operate in a context of intense competitive pressure and the powerful influence of external factors. This study considers the effectiveness of financial and economic activities of an industrial enterprise on the example of one of the largest enterprises in the Ural region of Russia, PJCS "Uralasbest". We assess the efficiency of the enterprise in order to identify problems that have a significant impact on the activity of the economic entity and determine the prospects for its development. PJSC "Uralasbest" is a city-forming enterprise, specializing in the production of chrysotile asbestos, the consumers of which are various industries in the Russian Federation and abroad. In our analytical research we define both external and internal factors, influencing the effectiveness of the enterprise. The authors identified the most significant factors: sanctions, the state of the global and domestic economy, the general decline in production, the non-payment crisis, the influence of Western politicians on the domestic economy (the market in Ukraine is closed), and the anti-asbestos campaign, etc. As a consequence, there is a decline in production and a shortage of production capacity. In the current situation, a prospective way of maintaining the efficient operation of industrial enterprises is to actively explore the domestic market.
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