Summaryobjectives To identify characteristics that increased the risk of mortality in Ethiopian visceral leishmaniasis patients in a treatment programme managed by Médecins sans Frontières, in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.methods Retrospective review of a cohort of 791 patients treated for visceral leishmaniasis.results The cohort displayed all the classical signs and symptoms of the disease. The case fatality rate was 18.5% (146) (95% CI: 15.8-21.3%). Logistic regression showed that individuals who experienced at least one episode of vomiting or haemorrhage were more likely to die than those who did not.A subcohort of individuals who tested human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive were more than four times more likely to die than those who tested HIV-negative (OR 4.5, 95% CI: 1.8-11.4).conclusion This study identifies characteristics associated with death in this population and highlights the devastating effect of co-infection with visceral leishmaniasis and HIV in the African context.
Among primary care patients undergoing methadone treatment, continuing in methadone treatment is associated with a reduced risk of death. Patients' risk of all-cause mortality increases following treatment cessation, and is highest in the initial 4-week period.
The National Drug-Related Deaths Index (NDRDI) reports on poisoning deaths (also known as overdose), which are deaths in the general population due to the toxic effect of a drug or combination of drugs, and on non-poisonings, which are deaths as a result of trauma, such as hanging, or medical reasons, such as cardiac events, among people who use drugs. The latest figures from the NDRDI show that 376 people died in 2017 from poisoning deaths and that 410 non-poisoning deaths occurred among people who used drugs. 1,2 The newsletter of Ireland's focal point to the EMCDDA Drug-related deaths and deaths among people who use drugs in Ireland, 2008-2017 In this issue National Drugs Forum 2019 See page 06 09 Drug treatment figures 22 Ethnic identifiers 18 EU drug markets 12 My World survey 12 Growing Up in Ireland survey Drugnet Ireland is produced in collaboration with the HRB National Drugs Library. To have Drugnet Ireland delivered to your desktop, sign up at www.drugsandalcohol.ie Minister of State with responsibility for Health Promotion and the National Drugs Strategy, Catherine Byrne TD, speaking at the 2019 National Drugs Forum in Croke Park Contents COVER STORY Drug-related deaths and deaths among people who use drugs in Ireland, 2008-2017 01 POLICY AND LEGISLATION British-Irish Council in Dublin 05 National Drugs Forum 2019 06 PREVALENCE AND CURRENT SITUATION Drug treatment in Ireland 2012-2018 09 NDTRS drug and alcohol treatment data for 2004-2018 available online 12 Alcohol and drug use among young people and adolescents in Ireland-results from My World and Growing Up in Ireland surveys 12 Alcohol treatment figures from the NDTRS, 2012-2018 15 Repeated cross-sectional study of factors associated with pregabalinpositive poisoning deaths in Ireland 16 EU drug markets report
Over the 2 years after the enactment of prohibition-styled legislation targeting NPS and headshops, the rate of NPS related addiction treatment episodes among young adults declined progressively and substantially. We found no coinciding trend change in the rate of episodes linked to other drug groups. [Smyth BP, Lyons S, Cullen W. Decline in new psychoactive substance use disorders following legislation targeting headshops: Evidence fromnational addiction treatment data. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;00:000-000].
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