RESUMENEstudio cualitativo que tuvo por objetivo comprender como las adolescentes en el puerperio pasan por la vivencia de cuidar de su hijo en casa. Como fundamento de aná-lisis se empleó el concepto de Maternidad, para el análisis de los datos fue utilizado el método del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Participaron del estudio 15 adolescentes y sus recién nacidos hospitalizados durante el puerperio en el servicio de Alojamiento Conjunto del Hospital Universitario de la Universidad São Paulo, entrevistas realizadas posterior al alta. Los resultados mostraron que la construcción diaria de ser-madreadolescente orienta el sentimiento de seguridad frente a la superación de dificultades cuando se cuida del recién nacido. La red de apoyo familiar fue importante para ayudar a la joven madre en esta nueva etapa de su vida. Al final del puerperio se observó que esta adolescente cuida del recién nacido en cuanto a sus necesidades de higiene, alimentación y afecto competentemente. DESCRIPTORESRelaciones madres-hijo. Recién Nacido. Cuidado del lactante. Relaciones familiares. Atención domiciliaria de salud. ABSTRACTThis qualitative study aimed to understand how the adolescent puerperae experience caring for their child at home. The Maternity concept was used as the reference for the analysis and the method based on the Collective Subject Speech was used to analyse the data. Fifteen adolescent puerperae participated in the study. They were all in the rooming-in of the USP University Hospital with their child. The interviews were performed after the adolescent mothers were discharged from the hospital. The results showed an everyday building process concerning the role of being an adolescent mother, which leads to a feeling of security in view of the difficulties related to caring for the newborn. Family support was considered important to help the young mother during this new phase of her life. In the end of the puerperium, it was possible to realize that the adolescent puerperae was able to meet the newborn's needs concerning hygiene, feeding, and affection. Os resultados evidenciaram a construção diária do ser-mãe-adolescente que direciona o sentimento de segurança diante da superação das dificuldades ao cuidar do recém-nascido. A rede de apoio familiar mostrou-se importante para ajudar a jovem mãe nesta nova fase de sua vida. Ao final do puerpério foi possível constatar que a puér-pera-adolescente atende, com competên-cia, as necessidades de higiene, alimentação e afeto do recém-nascido. KEY WORDS DESCRITORESRelações mãe-filho. Recém-nascido. Cuidado do lactente. Relações familiares. Assistência domiciliar.* Extracted from the thesis "A vivência da puérpera-adolescente com o recém-nascido, no domicilio", School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, 2007.
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