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A 10-week online nutrition and physical activity intervention to encourage competence in making healthful food and eating decisions had a positive, lasting effect on FV intake and maintained baseline levels of physical activity in a population that otherwise experiences significant declines in these healthful behaviors.

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Objective-We recently reported that 60% of newly diagnosed CF children who had pancreatic insufficiency (PI) responded to treatment initiation and achieved catch-up weight gain to a level comparable to their birth weight Z-score within 2 years of diagnosis ("responders"), while the remaining 40% failed to do so ("non-responders"). The present study examined the impact of this early weight recovery on subsequent growth pattern and pulmonary status at age 6 years.Patients and Methods-Sixty-three children with CF who had PI but no meconium ileus, and were enrolled in the Wisconsin CF Neonatal Screening Project, were studied. "Responders" were defined by a recovery of weight Z-score comparable to that at birth within 2 years of diagnosis. During ages 2-6, growth was evaluated with the combination of height and body mass index. Pulmonary status was evaluated by symptoms, spirometry, quantitative chest radiography and respiratory microbiology.Results-The majority (71%) of the responders maintained their early weight recovery through age 6 years while only 32% of the non-responders achieved substantial growth improvement during age 2 to 6 years. Proportionately fewer responders reported cough symptoms (10% daytime cough, p =0.02; 22% nighttime cough, p=0.05) compared to non-responders (41% daytime cough, 45% nighttime cough) at age 6. Percent predicted FEV 1 (%FEV 1 ) at age 6 was 11% higher in responders (99.5 ± 13.9%) compared to non-responders (88.3 ± 18.5%), p = 0.015. Responders had significantly better Brasfield (20.1 ± 1.4, p = 0.01) and Wisconsin chest radiographic scores (8.3 ± 3.3, p = 0.04) compared to non-responders (Brasfield 18.9 ± 1.8, Wisconsin 12.3 ± 8.3). Respiratory microbiology was not significantly different. Multiple regression analyses indicated that the positive association between responder and %FEV 1 at age 6 years remained statistically significant after controlling for infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphlococcus aureus and chest radiographic scores. Growth patterns during 2-6 years of age were not associated with pulmonary measures at age 6. A complete list of the researchers who have participated in this project is provided in the acknowledgement. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptPediatrics. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 February 1. Conclusion-CF patients with PI who achieved early growth recovery within 2 years of diagnosis had fewer cough symptoms, higher lung function and better chest radiography scores at 6 years of age. KeywordsCystic Fibrosis; Growth; Malnutrition; Height; Weight; Body mass index; Pulmonary function; Chest radiograph; Newborn screening Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening, genetic disorder that is generally characterized by intestinal malabsorption, impaired growth and lung disease. Malnutrition is prevalent (1-5), as indicated by the observation that nearly half of newly diagnosed CF children have a height or weight below the 5 th percentile (3), and is associated with poor clinical outcomes (1,6-10). Therefore, optimizing nutr...

Data from a population-based case-control study of Wisconsin women were used to evaluate the relation of diabetes to the risk of endometrial cancer on the basis of body mass index (BMI). Cases (n=723) were identified from a statewide tumor registry; controls (n=2,291) were selected randomly from population lists. Diabetes status, weight, height, and other factors were ascertained by telephone interview. Subjects were categorized as not overweight (BMI, <29.1), overweight (BMI, 29.1-31.9), or obese (BMI, >31.9) according to the BMI distribution of middle-aged white women in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Joint associations between diabetes status, BMI, and endometrial cancer were evaluated using unconditional logistic regression models that controlled for age, parity, use of hormone replacement therapy, education, and smoking. Compared with persons without diabetes, those with diabetes had an adjusted odds ratio of 1.86 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37-2.52) for endometrial cancer. This association was modified by BMI (p interaction=0.04). Compared with nonoverweight nondiabetic subjects, nonoverweight and overweight women who reported diabetes had nonsignificant elevated risks of endometrial cancer (nonoverweight, odds ratio (OR)=1.10, CI 0.66-1.86; overweight, OR=1.58, CI 0.81-3.05). In contrast, elevated risk estimates were observed for obese diabetic women (OR=2.95, CI 1.60-5.46). These data contradict earlier reports and suggest that diabetes confers no additional risk of endometrial cancer in women who are neither overweight nor obese.

Findings suggest that obesity prevention interventions for college students should include an education component to emphasize the importance of overall sleep quality and improving eating competence.

Relations between diet and nuclear opacities in the lens of the eye were investigated in a population-based cohort of middle-aged and older adults who lived in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. Nuclear sclerosis was assessed from photographs of the lens taken during 1988-1990 in 1,919 persons in the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Diets in the past (1978-1980) were assessed retrospectively with the use of a food frequency questionnaire in home interviews. Relations with intake of foods and nutrients were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. In men, after controlling for age, smoking, and heavy drinking, intakes of numerous nutrients in the highest versus lowest quintile were associated with 40-50 percent reduced odds of more severe nuclear sclerosis. Relations with some nutrients (vitamins A, C, and E, riboflavin, thiamin, niacin) were at least partly explained by previously identified inverse associations with multivitamin use. Relations with other nutrients (folate, alpha-carotene, and dietary fiber) appeared to reflect associations with intake of foods, particularly vegetables. Inverse associations with individual nutrients and foods were often weaker or nonexistent in women. These data indicate that the intake of vitamin supplements (in men and women) and certain foods (particularly in men) may explain associations of several nutrients with risk for nuclear sclerosis.

Increased EN and increased pLA are critical in promoting adequate weight gain in children with newly diagnosed CF.