This paper investigates theoretically potential energy of residues of some biomass sources in Cambodia and Laos by considering agricultural residues and forestry residues for the year 2006 since both country have limited access to grid-quality electricity. The theoretical potential biomass energy of rice husk, straw, corn cob, cassava stalk, bagasse and sugarcane trash and logging residues, sawnwood and plywood residues are calculated by using their lower heating values (LHV). The potential biomass energy obtained from these residues in Cambodia can contribute approximately 1.4 Mtoe to the total final energy consumption of Cambodia. On the other hand, 0.6 Mtoe biomass energy can be obtained potentially from the biomass residues in Laos, 2006. Furthermore, the paper presents the theoretical bioethanol production from some biomass residues such as rice straw, corn stover, bagasse, and cassava pulp in Cambodia and Laos. The potential bioethanol production in Cambodia is about 0,648 Gl for the year 2006 whereas 0,355 Gl of bioethanol can be produced in Laos from 2006 biomass residues. The potential results are investigated in whole country level and they do not consider the collecting and transportation cost of the biomass residues, their possible other usage purposes, exports and imports.
Abstract:Residential bioenergy consumption and bioenergy resources based on by-products of residential agricultural production and animal husbandry have been analyzed statistically, based on a nationwide residential livelihood and energy survey conducted in Cambodia in 2009. Furthermore, the potential for biomethanation, residential biogas consumption and small-scale power generation for non-electrified rural areas has been assessed. Household potential of biogas substrates in Cambodia, based on nationally representative data has not been presented earlier. This paper proposes mixtures of substrates for biogas production for various livelihood zones of Cambodia. The occurrence of biomass suitable for biomethanation is most favorable in unelectrified rural areas, except for fishing villages. The theoretical daily biogas potential from animal dung and rice husk appears to be promising for households in unelectrified rural villages, both for household digesters and units designed for small-scale electricity generation. Theoretical CH 4 content of biogas was 63.9% and specific biogas yield 0.41 Nm 3 /kg for households in unelectrified villages. Based on the survey, the energy content of biogas potential is 25.5 PJ per year. This study shows that biogas has nationally significant technical potential in Cambodia.
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