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With the evolution of technology, the fields of medicine and science have also witnessed numerous advancements. In medical emergencies, a few minutes can be the difference between life and death. The obstacles encountered while providing medical assistance can be eliminated by ensuring quicker care and accessible systems. To this effect, the proposed end-to-end system-automated emergency paramedical response system (AEPRS) is semi-autonomous and utilizes aerial distribution by drones, for providing medical supplies on site in cases of paramedical emergencies as well as for patients with a standing history of diseases. Security of confidential medical information is a major area of concern for patients. Confidentiality has been achieved by using decentralised distributed computing to ensure security for the users without involving third-party institutions. AEPRS focuses not only on urban areas but also on semi-urban and rural areas. In urban areas where access to internet is widely available, a healthcare chatbot caters to the individual users and provides a diagnosis based on the symptoms provided by the patients. In semi-urban and rural areas, community hospitals have the option of providing specialised healthcare in spite of the absence of a specialised doctor. Additionally, object recognition and face recognition by using the concept of edge AI enables deep neural networks to run on the edge, without the need for GPU or internet connectivity to connect to the cloud. AEPRS is an airborne emergency medical supply delivery system. It uses the data entered by the user to deduce the best possible solution, in case of an alerted emergency situation and responds to the user accordingly.

Objective: The study focuses on formulating and validating low-cost media for in vitro callus induction and development in Catharanthus roseus. Methods: Percentage response, nature and mass of in vitro grown C. roseus callus was recorded for the conventional MS media with casein hydrolysate (1g/L) and three low-cost media supplemented with casein hydrolysate (1g/L). The effect of two hormonal combinations, viz., 1.5mg/L 2,4-D + 1mg/L Kin and 1mg/L BAP + 1mg/L NAA had been studied for callus development. Results: Two media combinations including MS (urea replacing NH4NO3) + table sugar (30g/L) + casein hydrolysate (1 g/L) + Food grade agar (FGA, 7g/L) and MS + table sugar (30g/L) + casein hydrolysate (1g/L) + sago (80g/L) was observed to take less number of days to callus induction, 11 and 12 days respectively, than the conventional MS media + casein hydrolysate (1g/L) + gelrite (2.2g/L) with 2,4-D (1.5mg/L) + Kin (1mg/L), which took 13 days to callus induction. MS (urea replacing NH4NO3) + table sugar (30g/L) + casein hydrolysate (1g/L) + FGA (7g/L) with 2,4-D (1.5mg/L) + Kin (1mg/L) gave rise to high callus mass, averaging to 12.351g, at the end of 4th subculture and also, high percentage of cost reduction per liter of media was observed compared to conventional MS media with casein hydrolysate. Conclusion: The present study indicated MS (urea replacing NH4NO3) + casein hydrolysate (1g/L) + FGA (7g/L) with 2,4-D (1.5mg/L) + Kin (1mg/L) as a better media for developing and proliferating C. roseus callus In vitro.

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