Aims and objectives: This study aimed to establish and test a predictive model for explaining the health-related quality of life of young adult patients with stroke. Background: Individual characteristics, biological and physiological variables, social support, emotional and cognitive symptoms, physical function disability and general health perception may be interrelated and may directly or indirectly affect the healthrelated quality of life of young adult patients with stroke. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: 237 young outpatients with stroke were recruited and surveyed. Data collection used a structured questionnaire from July-November 2018. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 25.0 ® and AMOS 23.0. This study is based on STROBE guidelines. Results: The hypothetical model's fit indices were adequate. Stroke severity, social support, fear of stroke recurrence, physical function disability and general health perceptions directly affected the health-related quality of life. Additionally, stroke severity, depression and fear of stroke recurrence also indirectly affected it. These variables explained 60.3% of the variance in this quality.Conclusions: Variables such as severity of stroke, depression, fear of stroke recurrence, social support, physical function disability and general health perception were found to be related to the HRQoL of young adult patients with stroke.Relevance to clinical practice: A variety of physical, psychological, functional and social factors related to health-related quality of life should be systematically monitored. Furthermore, nurses need to develop and apply detailed nursing interventions that take into account all these variables.
Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean short version of the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QoL-12K). Design A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. Methods We recruited 233 outpatients with ischemic stroke. Findings The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for internal consistency was .93, and the test–retest reliability value was .98. Confirmatory factor analysis identified two dimensions for the SS-QoL-12K. The SS-QoL-12K was correlated positively with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey score and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and negatively with the modified Rankin Scale score. The SS-QoL scores in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale mild group were higher than those in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale moderate and severe groups. Conclusions This study shows that the SS-QoL-12K has a satisfactory level of reliability and validity in patients with ischemic stroke. Clinical Relevance This instrument will be helpful in advancing research and clinical care for stroke patients.
In the study here, the potential applicability of KMRC011-an agonist of toll-like receptor-5as a countermeasure for radiation toxicities was evaluated. Following a single 5.5 Gy total body irradiation (TBI, surface absorbed dose ¼ 7 Gy) of Co 60 c-rays, mortality rates and degrees of pathological lesions that developed over 80 days were compared in monkeys that received TBI only and a group that was injected once with KMRC011 (10 lg/kg) after TBI. Compared to the TBI-only hosts (80%), the death rate was significantly improved by the use of KMRC011 (40%), all deaths in both groups occurred in the period from Days 19-24 post-TBI. Further analysis of monkeys that survived until the end of the experiment showed that AST and ALT levels were elevated only in the TBI group, and that radiation-induced tissue damage was alleviated by the KMRC011 injection. Additionally, expression of cell death-related proteins was lower in tissues from the KMRC011-treated hosts than in those in the TBI-only group. Other measured parameters, including body weight, food uptake, and hematological values did not significantly differ between the two groups over the entire period. The results of this study, thus demonstrate that KMRC011 could potentially be used as a medical countermeasure for the treatment of acute radiation exposure.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness of the necessity and importance of liberal arts education and to examine the satisfaction of college students with their liberal arts courses. This study was conducted from June 1–15, 2018, for college students who are taking liberal arts courses. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0 statistical package programs. To understand the general characteristics of the survey subjects, a frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and reliability analysis were performed to measure the reliability and validity of the measurement tools, and a structural model analysis was conducted to verify the proposed research model. The result shows that a professor’s professionalism has a positive influence on the perception of a subject’s importance and necessity after the course, diversity has a positive influence on satisfaction in liberal arts education. Favorable changes in the perception of importance and necessity have a positive effect on satisfaction level. Our findings imply that colleges should operate an integrated student-selective education course that allows all students to select and take liberal arts courses. It should be organized to secure full-time professors who will be exclusively responsible for liberal arts curriculums.
Purpose: To highlight the value of using guidelines for determining the worth of learning events that center on simulations health profession practice. Methods: Literature Review, Identification of principles to guide key faculty members around decision-making for optimal educational practices in the use of simulations. Results: Collaborative practices in formative and summative curriculum evaluations involving academics lead to a better appreciation of the need for rational decisions at both the macro level (Course Design) and micro-level (implementation phase) of curriculum development. Conclusion: Actual and simulated health professional practice provide numerous examples of situations that could be chosen to drive student learning. The selection of meaningful practice situations across the entire program needs to be based on agreed upon principles and criteria for selection. The latter need to reflect the conceptual framework of the curriculum.
Over the last two decades policy developers across the world have set directions for educational change in pursuit of graduate outcomes that better prepare professionals for the future. Suggestions for radical change in educational practices has meant a need to revisit curricula to question the extent to which graduate outcomes are consistent with contemporary population and workplace needs. Discussion has centred on more process-oriented educational design that aims for learning outcomes especially those acknowledging a need for critical thinking and metacognition as a graduate outcome for professionals. A contextual appraisal of contemporary workplaces i) reveals a need for changes in systems and processes and ii) suggests a need for change in professional practices that in turn impact on educational preparation for practice eg i) movement towards student-centered educational design and ii) encouraging values consistent with ongoing learning in dynamic workplaces. It is the authors' opinion that educators are at risk of minimising learning processes that lead to critical thinking and metacognition. We suggest that where processes are introduced in learning events, assessment/evaluation tasks have not provided evidence of outcomes consistent with curriculum aims. In the future, curriculum renewal should include interrogation of appropriate assessment tasks that provide evidence of outcomes that reflect ability to think critically and reflect on processes in a manner consistent with metacognition. Research that focusses on the nature and extent of those outcomes is also warranted.
This study was conducted with 157 mothers with children aged 3 to 5 who were living in attending a daycare center in J city to examine the correlation and influence between mothers' play beliefs and play participation on children's play performance and happiness. Specifically, we sought to answer the following: (1) Do mothers' play beliefs, children's playfulness, and infant happiness differ depending on the children's background variables? (2) What correlations and influences do mothers' play beliefs and the degree of play participation have on children's play performance? (3) What is the relationship between mothers' play beliefs, playfulness of children, and happiness of children? The data collection period was about two weeks from the fourth week of September to the first week of October 2018. For the collected data, t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and one-way ANOVA were performed using the SPSS 22.0 program. The research results are as follows. First, according to the background variables of the children, the mother's play beliefs, the infant's playfulness, and the infant's happiness were different. The play support beliefs, there was no significant difference in the age of young children but mothers of 5-year-old children showed that they supported learning-centered beliefs more, and the level of play performance and happiness of 5-year-olds was the highest. According to the number of children, the two-child and multi-child parent groups supported the play support belief, and the one-child parents supported the learning support belief, and the children's playfulness and happiness were found to be highest in the order of multiple children, two children, and one child. Second, play support belief showed a significant correlation with play participation and children's play performance. The higher the mother's play support belief was, the higher the play participation rate and the higher the infant's playfulness were. Conversely, the more mothers held the learning-centered belief, the lower the play participation rate was. Third, the higher the mother's belief in play support, the higher the level of playfulness of children, and the level of playfulness were, the higher the happiness of children was. This study is meaningful in recognizing the importance of parents having the correct perception of children's play and in providing basic data for parent education to promote the development of playfulness and happiness in children.
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