The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is currently a widespread disease in all countries of the world. The adult population is predominantly involved in the epidemic process. In children, the disease proceeds, as a rule, in asymptomatic, mild and moderate forms. However, severe forms of the disease with the development of adverse outcomes are possible. Severe forms of infection are more likely to develop in children under the age of 1 year and older than 12 years. The risk group for a non-smooth course and adverse outcomes are children with concomitant diseases: genetic, neurological, metabolic disorders, congenital heart defects, obesity, diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma and other chronic lung diseases, sickle cell anemia, oncopathology, immunodeficiency states. At present, various types of vaccines are used for specific prevention in the world: based on M-RNA technologies, vectorial, inactivated. These vaccines are effective and safe in reducing the burden of disease in eligible adolescents. Despite the emergence of new strains of circulating viruses, vaccines continue to be effective in preventing severe infections, hospitalization and death.
Relevance. Vaccination is being replaced by the primary and most effective means of protecting the world's population from a new coronavirus infection.Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of COVID-19 immunization in Saint-Petersburg.Materials and methods: We retrospectively studied the epidemiological data on the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in St. Petersburg among adults vaccinated (1,558,030 people) and unvaccinated (2,863,050 people) for period from December 01, 2020 to November 30, 2021 on 12.01.2021. We analyzed the data presented in the Federal Register of Persons with COVID-19 and the Federal Register of Those Vaccinated against COVID-19.Results. The risk of COVID-19 infection among vaccinated is statistically significantly lower than among unvaccinated RR = 0.11 (95% CI 0.109–0.110; p < 0.001). Infected COVID-19 Vaccinated patients were less likely to need for emergency care/hospitalization RR = 0.30 (95% CI 0.29–0.30; p < 0.001). Also among the vaccinated mortality was lower RR = 0.35 (95% CI 0.33–0.37; p < 0.001).Conclusion: We have established reliable preventive effectiveness of the use of domestic vaccines by reducing morbidity, the frequency of development of forms of the disease requiring inpatient treatment; reducing mortality among vaccinated and, accordingly, reducing the burden on the healthcare system of St. Petersburg.
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