Gender differences in choice of studies emerge already in adolescence. Two studies with adolescents are presented, the goal of which is to explore the influence of gender by assessing males and females who choose studies related to Medicine or Engineering. Study 1, correlational (N = 330, mean age 15.9, 56.7% girls), shows that girls who choose technology are more poorly appraised than girls who choose other studies. Study 2 (N = 130; mean age 16.77, 56.2% girls), experimental, measures implicit attitudes (using the IAT) towards males and females from Medicine and Engineering. Implicit attitudes are more favorable towards women if they are studying Medicine and towards men if they study Engineering. The results are analyzed with relation to the percentages of boys and girls in the different fields of study.
This paper examines students' self-assessment of their information literacy, presenting a study involving 1,575 social science students at five Spanish universities. Data were collected and analyzed through a validated instrument that measures the variables of (1) the students' belief in the importance of information literacy skills; (2) self-efficacy, the students' faith in their ability to master those skills; and (3) the students' main source of learning information competencies. The groups of competencies studied were information search, information evaluation, information processing, and information communication. The results reveal an overall low perceived selfefficacy and provide a clear overview of the current state of information literacy among social science students in Spain.
asociaciones automáticas que subyacen a los estereotipos y al prejuicio. El presente estudio mide los estereotipos implícitos sobre poderosos y no poderosos. Algunas líneas previas de investigación han mostrado que el contenido de estos estereotipos parece ser sistemático: los grupos poderosos son generalmente percibidos como competentes pero no sociables, mientras que los grupos subordinados son vistos como sociables pero incompetentes. Se realizó un estudio utilizando el IAT, el cual apoya esta hipótesis respecto al componente automático de los estereotipos de poderosos y no poderosos. Se discuten las implicaciones de nuestros resultados para el mantenimiento de la estructura social y su cambio.
Abstract. We describe the process of designing and applying four web-based tools that assess information competences, focused on Social Science students at Spanish universities. We draw on our previous experience in developing web resources, tests and tutorials for learning information skills (E-coms, Alfamedia, Alfineees, Infolitrans, IL-HUMASS). The toolkit includes: 1) a corpus of texts with a controlled degree of difficulty to be used by students when acquiring the required competences; 2) the IL-HUMASS questionnaire, which measures students' attitudes and perceptions on the importance and self-effectiveness of information competences; 3) a knowledge test, organised in four categories (information search, evaluation, processing, and communication-dissemination); and 4) assessment rubrics, designed to prove students' know-how by fulfilling a set of objective tasks. The combined application of these instruments to a sample of students of Social Science degrees allowed us to confirm the internal validity and reliability of our tools.
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