This paper develops a conceptual framework to enhance our understanding of the career challenges facing older workers in a global economy. A distinction between 'high' and 'low' career capital of older workers is made. This distinction is then used to highlight potential temporal and spatial challenges for older workers in their later life careers. We draw on empirical evidence from existing studies of older workers and their careers. The contribution of this paper to human resource management debates is three-fold. Firstly, we contribute to debates in the HRM literature about intelligent careers and career capital by distinguishing between high and low career capital to explain the polarisation of older workers' careers. Secondly, we synthesise career capital issues with spatial and temporal aspects of international labour-markets to conceptualise the key issues and challenges which create potential boundaries for older workers when navigating later life careers thereby contributing to 'boundary focused scholarship ' (Inkson et al., 2012: 332). Finally, we develop a series of propositions to provide a basis for further research into the issues of space and time relevant to older 'high' and 'low' career capital workers, their careers and human resource management.
The notion of impact is becoming important for international business schools, which are under increasing pressures related to their legitimacy. Although the term impact has gained in popularity, common approaches to business school impact rely either on academic publications or alumni’s salaries. To help uncover the potential for other approaches, we develop a conceptual framework as a basis for studying business school impact. The pluralism of approaches in terms of business school impact opens new spaces for original strategic choices, therefore limiting pressures for organizational isomorphism. Nevertheless, the notion of impact also has some limitations that need to be considered.
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