A TBID tool reduces perioperative anxiety, emergence delirium, and time-to-discharge and increases parental satisfaction when compared to midazolam in pediatric patients undergoing ambulatory surgery.

The To Err Is Human report stated that 98 000 patients die yearly because of medical errors, and that medication errors kill more people than workplace injuries. The inadequate design and utilization of the electronic health record have been identified as major contributing factors to medical errors. Increased cognitive workload of clinicians has consistently been linked to the occurrence of medical errors. The purpose of this article was to synthesize the current state of the science on measuring clinicians' cognitive workload associated with using electronic health records in order to inform evidence-based guidelines. The major considerations identified in the literature involve the use of psychometric instruments, using efficiency as a proxy for cognitive workload, and eye tracking. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index was the most used psychometric instrument, but reliability measures were not reported. It is important to evaluate reliability of psychometric instruments because the consistency of the instrument can change when administered to different populations. Efficiency is an observable measure defined by the total time to complete a task and the total number of physical interactions with the user interface. Efficiency can allow the use of statistical modeling, but it does not directly evaluate the mental activity associated with using an electronic health record interface. Eye tracking has been used extensively in the literature to measure cognitive workload via changes in pupil size related to mental activity, but it is not often used to measure the cognitive workload associated with using the electronic health record. Eye tracking is very useful for continuous monitoring of cognitive workload.

Interdisciplinary collaboration is key to safe surgical positioning. Although the surgical procedure dictates the patient's position, surgeons, anesthesia care providers, intraoperative nurses, and ancillary staff members must work together to achieve the goal of safe positioning. Correct patient positioning includes the provision of adequate access to the surgical site for the surgeon and surgical assistants. Surgical positions may put the patient at risk of injury. Understanding human anatomy, including the nerves commonly affected by each surgical position, can help the surgical team prevent accidental and irreversible patient injury. A lack of knowledge of proper positioning practices can result in serious patient injury, such as permanent paralysis, blindness, tissue necrosis, burns, bone fracture, and even death. This article reviews surgical positioning and introduces a learning module that involves the use of mnemonics as memory aids for perioperative team members who are learning proper positioning techniques.

Nursing knowledge surrounding anesthesia providers' maintaining or obtaining employment after treatment of substance use disorder (SUD) is notably absent in the literature. An alternative method, dimensional analysis, allows for exploration of this concept from many perspectives, with social context as the basis from which to determine what barriers exist and how to prevail over them. Anesthesia practice is a socially constructed profession. The concept, barriers to reentry into nurse anesthesia practice, was explored and defined for purposes of identifying their impact on the recovering certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA). Defining the barriers places the CRNA one step closer to successful reentry into anesthesia practice.

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Background: This concept analysis presents a scholarly epistemological approach to defining the attributes, empirical referents, antecedents, and consequences of a knowledge maintenance approach-known as longitudinal assessment-to professional certification.Aim: The analysis reports on the efforts of the National Board of Certification and Recertification for Nurse Anesthetists to explore this educational method as an approach to meet requirements for continued professional certification.Method: Using the classical approach to concept analysis, the authors explore the structure and function of longitudinal assessment and define the characteristics of the concept in a way that is meaningful to the continued certification of nursing and medical professionals. Conclusion:This analysis establishes a link between the goal and outcome of the continued certification process, including continuing education in nursing and medical practice, and the desirable characteristics of longitudinal assessment, which include proven principles of educational psychology. Through exploring model and borderline cases, the authors seek to demonstrate that longitudinal assessment is the best approach to foster lifelong learning of continuously evolving scientific, theoretical, and clinical knowledge in support of safe care for patients.