Computed tomography (CT) continues to become more widely available for assessment of tumors in dogs, yet there are no studies describing the CT appearance of canine liposarcomas. In this retrospective, multicenter study, CT images of dogs with histologically confirmed liposarcomas were reviewed for size, location, attenuation, contrast enhancement, border definition, internal homogeneity, local infiltration, and mineralization. A total of 24 dogs with 26 liposarcomas were sampled. Mean attenuation was +15.2 (SD = 22.3) Hounsfield units (HU) with a range of -36 to +47.5 HU based on representative regions of interest. Twenty tumors (77%) contained focal areas of fat attenuation. All masses enhanced with contrast medium administration, which is distinct from what has been reported previously in infiltrative lipomas. Other CT features associated with canine liposarcomas included heterogeneous internal attenuation (81%) and lack of a clearly defined capsule (38%) suggesting infiltration of local structures. Six tumors (23%) had foci of mineralization. Findings from the current study indicated that liposarcoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis for mixed-attenuation, contrast-enhancing masses in dogs that contain at least one focus of fat attenuation on precontrast images; however, presence of foci of fat attenuation was not a necessary finding for the diagnosis of canine liposarcoma.
Tropical spastic paraparesis or HTLV-I-associated myelopathy is a progressive spastic disorder associated with the human T-lymphotropic virus type I. Some cases have responded to prednisone. Danazol is an attenuated androgen with minimal virilizing effects. It is used in the treatment of endometriosis and various autoimmune hematologic diseases shown to be responsive to prednisone. Because danazol is anabolic, useful in prednisone-responsive diseases, and less toxic than prednisone, we gave danazol to 6 patients with TSP and 1 with HIV, HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. Five patients had a favorable response. Two became ambulatory after having been confined to a wheelchair. Three were able to ambulate greater distances (in walkers) than prior to danazol. Three had noticeable decreases in spasticity. Urinary incontinence resolved in two. Physical therapy was variably employed in all except one patient. Two patients who had not responded to physical therapy responded to physical therapy and danazol. One patient did not tolerate danazol and one patient did not improve. Toxicities noted were mild elevations in liver enzymes in 4 patients; these responded to a decrease in dose of danazol; amenorrhea in one and mild fluid retention in one. We conclude that danazol is a useful agent in the management of TSP.
Hindlimb lameness in breeding bulls is a source of significant financial loss, with a proportion of bulls having osteochondrosis (OC). The objective of this study is to determine the characteristics, change over time, and sire association of radiographically identified tarsal OC lesions in a purebred Angus breeding herd.
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