Thermal analysis is the analysis of a change in a property of a material, which is related to the temperature difference. Polymer samples are typically in solid form and undergo various thermal transitions upon heating, including melting, phase transition, sublimation, and decomposition. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how thermal techniques such as DSC and TGA may be used to evaluate polymer thermal stability through the examination of polymer characteristics such as glass transition temperatures, melting points, and mass changes. Different polymers have been investigated and used in lead-acid batteries for various applications based on their mechanical and thermal characteristics. Few lead-acid battery-related polymers like Polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene (PE) Separator, Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) were studied and explained.
Currently, an application like Start-Light-Ignition (SLI) for the automotive industry prefers flooded type lead-acid energy storage and is also vastly adopted energy storage. Lead-acid cells in a battery comprise negative and positive electrodes, separated by an insulating material with industrial-grade H2SO4 as an electrolyte. The objective of the present investigation is to overcome the progressive sulphation in the negative electrode and improve the battery’s electrical performance. With one dimensional (1D) carbon nano tubes (CNTs) as an additive in the negative electrode of an automotive flooded lead-acid battery (LAB), we try to improve the battery performance. In this study, negative electrodes of LAB were prepared by loading traditional constituents like lead oxide, H2SO4, H2O, polyester binder, lignosulphonate, and Blanc Fixe while limiting MWCNTs to 0.2%. The performance studies of the prepared batteries were conducted, as per Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS). Both the batteries prepared with and without MWCNTs as an additive in negative active materials (NAM) were subjected to electrical assessments to understand the cold cranking ability, cycling stability, and charge acceptance. The batteries were also analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) where the lower charge transfer resistance was observed with the battery having MWCNTs when compared to the control (without MWCNTs) battery. The present investigations established that the MWCNT material, as an additive, played a vital role in laying an improved conductive network across the negative electrodes for higher cycling applications (ISS/Hybrid/EV).
The present study mainly focuses on the plate preparation and the usage of the synthesized conductive additive (Barium MetaPlumbate BaPbO3). Formation efficiency and cycle life of the plates with different additives were evaluated. The formation efficiency of the pasted positive plates of the lead-acid battery was greatly enhanced by BaPbO3 addition during the paste preparation. The effects of loading level of the additives on formation efficiency and plate performance were examined in detail by SEM, XRD, and Gravimetric, Electro Chemical Analyzer techniques.
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