A field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons of 2009 and 2010 at New Delhi, India to study the influence of varieties and integrated nitrogen management (INM) on methane (CH 4 ) emission and water productivity under flooded transplanted (FT) and aerobic rice (AR) cultivation. The treatments included two rice ('PB 1' and 'PB 1121') varieties and eight INM practices including N control, recommended dose of N through urea, different combinations of urea with farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM), biofertilizer (BF) and vermicompost (VC). The results showed 91.6-92.5 % lower cumulative CH 4 emission in AR compared to FT rice. In aerobic conditions, highest cumulative CH 4 emission (6.9-7.0 kg ha -1 ) was recorded with the application of 100 % N by organic sources (FYM?GM?BF?VC). Global warming potential (GWP) was significantly lower in aerobic rice (105.0-107.5 kg CO 2 ha -1 ) compared to FT rice (1242.5-1447.5 kg CO 2 ha -1 ). Significantly higher amount of water was used in FT rice than aerobic rice by both the rice varieties, and a water saving between 59.5 and 63 % were recorded. Under aerobic conditions, both rice varieties had a water productivity of 8.50-14.69 kg ha -1 , whereas in FT rice, it was 3.81-6.00 kg ha -1 . In FT rice, a quantity of 1529.2-1725.2 mm water and in aerobic rice 929.2-1225.2 mm water was used to produce one kg rice. Thus, there was a saving of 28.4-39.6 % total water in both the rice varieties under AR cultivation.
during kharif season of 2019 to evaluate weed management practices in transplanted finger millet. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication and consisting eleven treatment viz., T1 (Weedy check), T2 (Hoeing at 20 and 40 DAT), T3 (Pendimethalin @ 750 g ai ha -1 as pre-emergence), T4 (2, 4-D @ 750 g ai ha -1 as post-emergence), T5 (Bispyribac sodium @ 20 g ai ha -1 as post-emergence), T6 (Pendimethalin @ 750 g ai ha -1 as pre-emergence fb 2, 4-D @ 750 g ai ha -1 as post-emergence), T7 (Pendimethalin @750 g ai ha -1 as pre-emergence fb Bispyribac sodium @ 20 g ai ha -1 as post-emergence), T8 (Pretilachlor @1000 g ai ha -1 as pre-emergence), T9 (Pretilachlor @1000 g ai ha -1 as pre-emergence fb 2, 4-D @ 750 g ai ha -1 as post-emergence), T10 (Pretilachlor @1000 g ai ha -1 as pre-emergence fb Bispyribac sodium @ 20 g ai ha -1 as post-emergence) and T11 (weed free). The results revealed that sequential application of Pretilachlor @1000 g / Pendimethalin @750 g ai ha -1 as pre-em fb Bispyribac sodium @ 20 g ai ha -1 as post-emergence for higher yield, net return and B:C ratio of transplanted finger millet in Bihar.
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