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SynopsisThe initiation of polymerization of vinyl monomers such as methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methyl acrylate (MA) by a charge transfer complex formed between n-butylamine(nBA) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at 3OoC is slow. The effect of the dimethylsulfoxide complexes of Rh(II1) and Ru(I1) on the polymerization of MMA and MA in the presence of nBA, and CCl, in DMSO has been studied. The rate of polymerization and percent conversion of the MMA and MA at 3OoC are evaluated at the critical concentration of the metal complexes. At the critical range of the metal complex concentrations, both Rp and percent conversion of MMA and MA were found to be highest. However, above and below the critical concentrations, R, and percent conversion of the monomers were found to decrease. A suitable mechanism for the polymerization has been proposed. EXPERIMENTALMMA(BDH) and MA(BDH) were purified as prescribed in the literature.12 nBA,l3 Ccl4,l4 and DMS015 (all E. Merck) were distilled before use. The complexes hexakis (DMSO) rhodium(II1) tetrafluoroborate {[Rh(DMSO)6] (BF&]) (A), trichlorotris(DMS0) rhodium(III){[Rh(DMS0)~C1~]) (B), tribromotris(DMS0) rhodium(II1) {[Rh(DMS0)3Br3])(C), dichlorotetrakis(DMS0) ruthenium (11) {[Ru(DMS0)4Cl2])(D), and dibromotetrakis(DMS0) ruthenium

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Euphorbiaceae represents flowering plants family of tropical and sub-tropical region rich in secondary metabolites of economic importance. To understand and assess the genetic makeup among the members, this study was undertaken to characterize and compare SSR markers from publicly available ESTs and GSSs of nine selected species of the family. Mining of SSRs was performed by MISA, primer designing by Primer3, while functional annotation, gene ontology (GO) and enrichment analysis were performed by Blast2GO. A total 12,878 number of SSRs were detected from 101,701 number of EST sequences. SSR density ranged from 1 SSR/3.22 kb to 1 SSR/15.65 kb. A total of 1873 primer pairs were designed for the annotated SSR-Contigs. About 77.07% SSR-ESTs could be assigned a significant match to the protein database. 3037 unique SSR-FDM were assigned and IPR003657 (WRKY Domain) was found to be the most dominant FDM among the members. 1810 unique GO terms obtained were further subjected to enrichment analysis to obtain 513 statistically significant GO terms mapped to the SSR containing ESTs. Most frequent enriched GO terms were, GO:0003824 for molecular function, GO:0006350 for biological process and GO:0005886 for cellular component, justifying the richness of defensive secondary metabolites and phytomedicine within the family. The results from this study provides tangible insight to genetic make-up and distribution of SSRs. Functional annotation corresponded many genes of unknown functions which may be considered as novel genes or genes responsible for stress specific secondary metabolites. Further studies are required to understand stress specific genes accountable for leveraging the synthesis of secondary metabolites.