Aim To develop an accurate lab score based on in-hospital patients’ potent clinical and biological parameters for predicting COVID-19 patient severity during hospital admission. Methods To conduct this retrospective analysis, a derivation cohort was constructed by including all the available biological and clinical parameters of 355 COVID positive patients (recovered = 285, deceased = 70), collected in November 2020-September 2021. For identifying potent biomarkers and clinical parameters to determine hospital admitted patient severity or mortality, the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and Fischer’s test analysis was performed. Relative risk regression was estimated to develop laboratory scores for each clinical and routine biological parameter. Lab score was further validated by ROC curve analysis of the validation cohort which was built with 50 COVID positive hospital patients, admitted during October 2021-January 2022. Results Sensitivity vs. 1-specificity ROC curve (>0.7 Area Under the Curve, 95% CI) and univariate analysis (p<0.0001) of the derivation cohort identified five routine biomarkers (neutrophil, lymphocytes, neutrophil: lymphocytes, WBC count, ferritin) and three clinical parameters (patient age, pre-existing comorbidities, admitted with pneumonia) for the novel lab score development. Depending on the relative risk (p values and 95% CI) these clinical parameters were scored and attributed to both the derivation cohort (n = 355) and the validation cohort (n = 50). ROC curve analysis estimated the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the derivation and validation cohort which was 0.914 (0.883–0.945, 95% CI) and 0.873 (0.778–0.969, 95% CI) respectively. Conclusion The development of proper lab scores, based on patients’ clinical parameters and routine biomarkers, would help physicians to predict patient risk at the time of their hospital admission and may improve hospital-admitted COVID-19 patients’ survivability.
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the carriers of a variety of diseases such as dengue, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), chikungunya, zika virus, and yellow fever. An affordable way of vector management that effectively suppresses the mosquito population for a long time is the release of larvivorous fish. In this work, ornamental fish species are identified, and their potential larvicidal efficacy for biological control of Aedes mosquito larvae is assessed. The consumption rates of four ornamental fish species (Gold fish, Betta fish, Molly fish, and Guppy) for Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus larvae have been observed in the present study, and a comparison between the mean consumption rates of the four fish species for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus has been recorded. The observation indicated practically no variance, and the intake rates for both types of larvae were almost same for the four species of fish. In contrast to guppy fish, the findings indicated that Goldfish, Black molly, and Betta fish had very high feeding rates. Therefore, in the near future, these fish can be thought of as efficient biological control agents for both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus larvae.
A detailed survey of 166 subject gateways across the world was conducted to check for existence of any subject gateway on Jute fibre. In addition to that, 54 websites on Jute were also examined for assessing the volume and quality of jute-related information. A comparative analysis of 15 jute-related databases, information systems and subject gateways was also conducted for assessing the uniqueness of prototype subject gateway on Jute (i.e. ‘Jute-Gate’) in disseminating qualitative Jute information to stakeholders. It was found that, out of 166 subject gateways that existed between 1996 and 2017, 102 were active and 64 were closed as on 31.03.2017. Average age of the active gateways was 14.52 years though 5 gateways were found to have existed for 21 years and 3 gateways lasted for only 1 year. It was concluded that number of gateways is dependent on the subject category but average age of subject gateways is independent of subject category. It was also found that no dedicated subject gateway for jute fibre is available and the proposed prototype ‘Jute-Gate’ is a pioneering effort.
Documents on Jute have proliferated considerably along with the growth of the Jute Industry. The aim of this study is to develop a comprehensive single-window knowledge dissemination tool on Jute. Survey of subject gateways and Jute websites has been conducted to ascertain the need for the same. Development of a subject gateway on Jute information (i.e. Jute-Gate) is an obvious choice as there is no subject gateway on Jute, although different subject gateways have been developed across the world for disseminating qualitative information to information seekers on other subjects. A prototype Jute-Gate has been designed based on the feedback from a field survey of Jute Mills and other stakeholders using a free open-source Content Management Software (CMS) (i.e. Drupal).
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