Abstract:The development of green experimental processes for the synthesis of nanoparticles is a need in the field of nanotechnology. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was achieved using Bacillus cereus supernatant and 1 mM silver nitrate. 100 mM glucose was found to quicken the rate of reaction of silver nanoparticles synthesis. UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis was carried out to assess the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were further characterized by using Nanoparticle Tracking Analyzer (NTA), Transmission Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectra. These silver nanoparticles showed enhanced quorum quenching activity against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and prevention of biofilm formation which can be seen under inverted microscope (40 X). The synergistic effect of silver nanoparticles along with antibiotics in biofilm quenching was found to be effective. In the near future, silver nanoparticles could be used in the treatment of infections caused by highly antibiotic resistant biofilm.
The development of green experimental processes for the synthesis of nanoparticles is a need in the field of nanotechnology. In the present study, the authors reported rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles using fresh leaves extract of Cymbopogan citratus (lemongrass) with increased stability. The synthesised silver nanoparticles were found to be stable for several months. UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis was carried out to assess the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The synthesised silver nanoparticles were further characterised by using nanoparticle tracking analyser (NTA), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectra (EDX). The NTA results showed that the mean size was found to be 32 nm. Silver nanoparticles with controlled size and shape were observed under TEM micrograph. The EDX of the nanoparticles confirmed the presence of elemental silver. These silver nanoparticles showed enhanced quorum quenching activity against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and prevention of biofilm formation which can be seen under inverted microscope (40X). In the near future, silver nanoparticles synthesised using green methods may be used in the treatment of infections caused by a highly antibiotic resistant biofilm.
Many methods have been used to isolate genomic DNA, but some of them are time-consuming and costly, especially when extracting a large number of samples. Here we described an easy protocol using two simple solutions for DNA extraction from A. tumefaciens cells. Compared with the standard protocol, this protocol allows rapid DNA isolation with comparable yield and purity at negligible cost. Following this protocol, we have demonstrated: (1) gDNA extraction was achieved within 15 min; (2) this method was cost-effective, since it only used calcium chloride and lysozyme; SDS, phenol, chloroform and proteinase K were not necessary; (3) the method gave high yield of gDNA (130 ng/loopful culture) compared with standard protocol that was suitable for restriction analysis; (4) the protocol can be carried out in a single test tube and the cells directly from solid media can be used. Thus, this protocol offers an easy, efficient and economical way to extract genomic DNA from A. tumefaciens.
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