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INTRODUCTIONAs per UNICEF global databases 2015, globally only about two fifth of children benefit from exclusive breast feeding. Percentage of children worldwide put to the breast within one hour of birth is 44%. Exclusively breastfed (0-6 months) is 39%; children's receiving solid, semi-solid or soft foods (6-8 months) is 65% and continuing to be breastfed at 1 year is 74%. Continued breast feeding up to 2 years (20-24 months) is 49%.1 In India though breastfeeding is nearly universal, very few children begin breastfeeding immediately after birth. Countrywide data from National Family Health Surveylll (2005Surveylll ( -2006 documented that only 24.5% mothers initiated breastfeeding within desired one hour after the birth and almost 45 percent did not start breastfeeding within one day of birth. As many as 57% women practiced prelacteal feeding, proportion of exclusively breastfed infants at 6 months of age was 46.4%. At age 6-8 months, only 53 percent children were given timely complementary feedings (breast milk and complementary food) which later increased to 74 percent at age 9-11 months.2 With this background, this study was conducted to assess the infant feeding practices in an urban slum and the knowledge of mother regarding it. The findings of the study can be used to change the attitude of mothers toward the breast feeding and have healthy child rearing practices. ABSTRACTBackground: Country wide data from National Family Health Survey-III (2005)(2006) documented that only 24.5% mothers initiated breastfeeding within desired one hour after the birth and almost 45 percent did not start breastfeeding within one day of birth. As many as 57% women practiced prelacteal feeding, proportion of exclusively breastfed infants at 6 months of age was 46.4%. Methods: The proposed study included cross sectional study of socio-demographic features and breast feeding profile of mothers attending Urban Health Training Centre. 400 mothers of infants aged 6-12 months were interviewed using pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Details about the socio-demographic characteristics and breast feeding practices and knowledge about breast feeding were obtained. Then results were analyzed at the end of data collection. Results: In the present study, out of 400 mothers, 41.25% mothers practice exclusive breast feeding. The knowledge of mothers about the breast feeding, among this knowledge regarding time of initiation of breast feeding after normal delivery and caesarean section was maximum i.e. 93.25%, followed by 57.25% mothers having knowledge regarding duration of exclusive breast feeding. The mothers having minimum knowledge was regarding continuation of breast feeding i.e. 40.25%. Conclusions: This study throws light on the mothers knowledge about breast feeding and what they actually practice. Breastfeeding practices like exclusive breast feeding, prelacteal feeding was less than the national average.

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Background: One of the important requirements to achieve “Zero Human rabies deaths by 2030” is to build awareness of the PEP and care for exposed victims. So, this study was undertaken with the aim and objective to study knowledge, attitude and practices related to animal bite transmitting rabies, amongst medical officer.Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 95 medical officer. Pretested and structured questionnaire was prepared related to training sessions conducted and their knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) related to rabies prophylaxis. Data was entered and analysed using Microsoft Excel 16 version. Percentages were calculated and appropriate statistical test were applied.Results: None of them had received training on rabies prophylaxis. Regarding WHO categorization of animal bite, 69.5% participants had sufficient knowledge about category III, 47.4% about category II and 42.10% about Category I. Only 4.21% participants were aware of the preexposure prophylaxis and 29.47% participants had sufficient knowledge about intradermal (ID). schedule. Attitude was poor (47.40%) regarding willingness of administrating equine antirabies serum at their setup. 81% practiced immediate wound toileting and 45.30% of participants administered ARV by intradermal route. All patients were referred to tertiary care centre for administration of ARS and 82.10% of participants referred the patients immediately.Conclusions: There was an apparent lack of awareness seen in rabies prophalaxis and management. Effort should be taken to emphasize the importance PEP management through regular reorientation programs.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a specific infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis affecting pulmonary and extra-pulmonary organs. Default is one of the unfavorable outcomes for patients on DOTS and represents an important challenge for the control programme. Inadequate treatment adherence is considered as a potential cause of drug resistance. This study was conducted ascertain causes of defaults & to study socio-demographic corelates of defaulters.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2014. All default patients registered from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2014 under RNTCP in both Tuberculosis Units of Municipal Corporation are considered for this study.Results: Total 104 cases of defaulters were registered under RNTCP in both TB units; 83 (79.8%) defaulters were males and remaining 21 (21.2%) were females and difference was statistically significant. Side effects of DOTS drugs were the most common reason of defaulting the treatment. Default of DOTS was significantly associated with socioeconomic status, educational status, addiction, religion and marital status of the patients.Conclusions: Poverty has effect on illness and completion of treatment.

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