As per the report of datacommons.org, 𝐶𝑂 2 emission in India is 1.80 metric tons per capita, which is very harmful for living beings. So, this paper presents India's detrimental 𝐶𝑂 2 emission effect with the prediction of 𝐶𝑂 2 emission for the next ten years based on univariate time series data. We used three statistical models i.e., AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model, Seasonal AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average with eXogenous factors (SARIMAX) model, and Holt-Winter model, two machine learning models, i.e., Linear Regression and Random Forest model and one deep learning model, i.e. Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) model. The performance analysis shows that LSTM, SARIMAX, and Holt-Winter methods are accurate models and have the Least Mean Squared Error(MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Median Absolute Error (MedAE) for this kind of univariate data distribution.

Climatic variations along with a rise in temperature during the winter season impose severe heat stress during the anthesis stage of spring wheat, resulting in severe yield losses. The present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of heat stress on redox homeostasis in developing anthers and flag leaves of wheat. Five Indian bread wheat genotypes were studied under field conditions during the dry season, with two extreme sowing dates (timely and very late sown) to explore the effect of heat stress on anthesis stage. Results showed that elevated temperature during anthesis caused significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in developing anthers, triggering pollen mortality. Moreover, defective source (leaf) to the sink (anthers) mobilisation of starch also contributes in reducing pollen viability. However, ROS-induced oxidative damage of developing anthers under heat stress varied among the wheat genotypes depending upon differential antioxidant enzyme activities. Wheat genotype with enhanced antioxidant activities and reduced ROS built up in developing anthers sustained their grain yield, suggesting thermo-tolerance in wheat to be associated with antioxidant enzyme-mediated improved ROS-scavenging mechanism not only in leaves even in developing anther also. In the present study, heat stressed wheat genotype WH 730 exhibited effective source to sink mobilisation and sustainable grain yield with improved ROS scavenging, conferring greater potential for heat tolerance. We conclude that redox homeostasis and balanced source sink activity played a significant role for sustainable yield and heat tolerance in wheat.

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Climate change negatively impacts the global hydrological resources leading to detrimental flood events. Submergence impedes the cellular membrane integrity, consequently affecting the membrane fluidity. Different abiotic stresses influence membrane lipid composition. Therefore, the remodeling of membrane lipids plays a major role in stress adaptation. Submergence-induced membrane lipid peroxidation is well established in plants. However, dynamic changes in lipid composition for regulating submergence tolerance in rice remain so far unexplored. The present study

Forty-seven genotypes and one wild relative of soybean, Glycine soja, were screened for resistance against aerial blight under epiphytotic conditions in the field during the Kharif season of two consecutive years viz., 2016 and 2017. Out of the 48 genotypes screened, only 18 genotypes exhibited a moderately resistant response to aerial blight during both the years of study. In order to perform molecular screening of the genotypes for aerial blight resistance, the genomic DNA obtained from the seedlings of the forty-eight soybean genotypes was subjected to PCR amplification with 12