We retrospectively evaluated the clinical features and therapeutic outcomes in 13 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of fusiform aneurysm of the vertebrobasilar system. Four patients (31%) presented with compressive symptoms and 10 (77%) with ischemic symptoms; one patient presented with both types of symptoms. No patient presented with rupture of the fusiform aneurysm. Based on the attending physician's choice, treatment included antiplatelet therapy in five patients, anticoagulation in seven, and no medication in one. Five patients died, four treated with antiplatelet agents and one not treated with any medication. The cause of death was progressive brainstem ischemia in three, sepsis in one, and gastrointestinal bleeding in one patient. All seven patients who received anticoagulants were alive, with no recurrence of symptoms or hemorrhagic complications after a mean follow-up period of 18 months. Based on previous and current series, we conclude that rupture of fusiform aneurysms is rare. Our results suggest a more favorable outcome in the management of these aneurysms with anticoagulation therapy to prevent progressive thrombosis and embolization.
antioxidant actions and ability to provide plaque stability, favorable coagulation profile, preventing platelet aggregation and normalizing sympathetic outflow as well as their antiproliferative and immunosuppressive properties suggest a new face of statin therapy which make them very important ABSTRACTThe lipid-lowering actions of statins are well known. However, recent studies provide compelling evidence that the clinical benefits of statin therapy may also be attributed to mechanisms independent of their cholesterol-lowering effects. These non-lipid-lowering (pleiotropic) effects of statin therapy are believed to include antiinflammatory actions, property to reverse endothelial dysfunction by decreasing LDL oxidation and increasing nitric oxide bioavailability. Their antioxidant actions, ability to provide plaque stability, favorable coagulation profile, ability to prevent platelet aggregation and normalize sympathetic outflow as well as their antiproliferative and immunosuppressive properties also contribute to the non-lipid-lowering effects. These pleiotropic effects shown by statin therapy offer many advantages over the currently available drugs for dyslipidemias. These additional benefits not only find therapeutic application in cardiovascular disorders but also in many other disease states.
Objectives: Vocal fold mucosal wave movements are thought to be important in determining voice characteristics and quality. To see these movements, high-speed cinematography and videostroboscopy have been used clinically; however, these techniques have disadvantages that make them impractical for quantitative measurement of mucosal wave movements. This study explored the feasibility of using line-scan cameras for mucosal wave analysis. Methods: An excised larynx bench model was used to examine the effects of elongation and changes in subglottal pressure on the amplitude, frequency, and phase difference of vocal fold mucosal movements as calculated from line-scan images. Results: The data showed a positive and linear relationship between an increase in subglottal pressure and amplitude of the mucosal wave; elongation of the vocal folds appeared to decrease the amplitude of mucosal wave upheaval at each level of subglottal pressure. Similarly, increase in subglottal pressure had a positive and linear relationship with increase in frequency of vibration; elongation of the vocal folds further increased the frequency at any given subglottal pressure. Phase difference between the movements of the upper and lower margins of the mucosal lips was estimated and did not appear to be significantly affected by changes in subglottal pressure and elongation. Conclusion: The data presented in this study are consistent with relationships that we would expect to be true from currently accepted models of vocal fold vibration.
SPAG9 expression may play a role in cellular growth and thyroid carcinogenesis. These findings support a potential role for SPAG9 as diagnostic biomarker as well as a possible therapeutic target in thyroid cancer treatment.
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