In this frequency spectrum electric fields radiated by the unusual lightning activities have been computed using the wavelet transform technique. The unusual lightning activities have very recently been identified activities and are very poorly understood among the lightning community. As the electric fields are very recently identified and are measured in time domain, to the best of our knowledge, their frequency content has not been studied as of today. To understand the physics of the discharge mechanism of such events, the frequency domain information plays a significant role. In order to extract frequency domain information from the time domain electric field signatures the wavelet transform technique has been employed. For the purpose, the electric field pertinent to the unusual activity, has been divided into two parts namely main activity and the preceding opposite polarity field change. From the computation, it is found that the opposite-polarity field change radiates energy in the spectral range of 2 kHz to 173 kHz whereas, the main activity predominantly radiates in the frequency range 2 kHz to 162 kHz. Such a wider spectral range that the unusual activities radiate have not been reported for the other known activities such as positive and negative return strokes. Evidently, the unusual events have some unique origin of discharge unlike the known activities. Further, as the unusual events were noticed in the temperate region (Uppsala, Sweden) and Sub-tropical climatic zone (Kathmandu, Nepal), it should have some common source of origin between two regions.
The purpose of the present work is to prolong the gastric residence time of Lornoxicam by developing gastric floating drug delivery system. Lornoxicam is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Its short half life 2 to 3 hrs and maximal absorption of upper part of gastrointestinal tract. The residence time of the dosage form in the stomach depends upon various factors like pH, size of the dosage form, food intake, and biological factors which include age, body weight gender, posture, and diseased states Floating tablet prepared by melt granulation techniques, using bees wax as a binder and the other polymers include HPMC 50cPs,15cPs,5cPs and Sodium Alginate. The Prepared granules were then evaluated for Precompression Properties. The best batches were then tabulated, and Evaluation was carried out for the following parameters with in vitro release, buoyancy, Floating Lag timed. Batch F12 and F13 Showed best Floating time of 12hrs and Floating Lag time of 60 second.
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