Background. Antimicrobial agents serve as an effective adjunct in plaque control, and chlorhexidine has been the gold standard. However, the philosophy that natural agents are better for children's oral health is on the rise. Probiotic technology represents a breakthrough approach to maintain oral health by utilizing natural beneficial bacteria commonly found in healthy mouths. Aim and Objective. To compare efficacy of probiotic and chlorhexidine oral rinses in orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods. 30 healthy patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment were randomly selected for the study by block randomization and allocation concealment and were divided into three groups: group a, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash; group b, probiotic mouthwash; and group c, a control group. Results. Probiotic and chlorhexidine groups had significantly decreased plaque indices as compared to the control group. However, greater improvement was seen in the gingival indices than plaque indices with better results in the probiotic group than the chlorhexidine group. No statistical significance was observed in the streptococcus count of probiotic and chlorhexidine groups at the end of the intervention period. Conclusion. The comparison of probiotics to chlorhexidine has proven that probiotics are as effective as chlorhexidine as an adjunctive chemical plaque control agent.
Introduction: Biologic factors, such as the cortical bone thickness and supporting bone as well as biomechanical factors, such as proclined teeth are closely interrelated. These factors often determine the potential deleterious effects of orthodontic treatment, such as gingival recession, dehiscence, fenestration, and external root resorption. The alveolar bone thickness and bone levels vary in different facial patterns and here in this study, we are finding if there is any correlation of these to tooth inclinations.
Aims and objectives:To assess the influence of mandibular incisor inclination on cortical bone thickness and alveolar bone levels in different skeletal patterns.Materials and methods: Thirty cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and lateral cephalograms of pretreatment patients were analyzed with different skeletal patterns (10 each) for their alveolar bone height, alveolar bone thickness, and cortical bone thickness at mid root level and mandibular incisor inclination. Inclination and thickness were compared among the three groups and were correlated.Results: Although there are wide variations, cortical bone thickness at mid root level in vertical, horizontal, and average growth pattern lingually and labially were 2.3 ± 0.29 mm, 2.4 ± 0.42, 2.2 ± 0.39, and 0.69 ± 0.12, 0.65 ± 0.23, and 0.59 ± 0.37 respectively, and these values were not statistically significant. The vertical alveolar bone height did not hold any significance in our study. The incisor-mandibular plane angle (IMPA) for evaluating growth patterns was found to be significant.
Clinical significance:The inclination of the mandibular incisors is an important diagnostic consideration and has to be kept in mind during treatment planning. Excessive proclination of the incisors can lead to dehiscence, fenestration, as well as recession. Therefore, it becomes important to know the thickness of the bone as well as the marginal bone level to help us to use appropriate biomechanics.
Objective:The study was carried out to compare the morphometry of the cervical column between adult Class I and Class II individuals and between gender and to analyze the correlation between the cervical column morphology, the cranial base angle, the craniocervical inclination with craniofacial morphology and stature of Angles Class I and Class II individuals.Materials and Methods:The data for this institutional retrospective study were systematically selected according to the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria from the pretreatment cephalometric radiographs of 19 male and 30 female patients visiting the Department of Orthodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal University, based on their ANB angle. The radiographs were traced and digitized. The reliability of the variables describing the cranial base and vertical and sagittal craniofacial dimensions was assessed.Conclusions:Our results showed that there was no statistically significant variation in the cervical vertebrae dimensions between Class I and Class II patients. There was found to be a definite sexual dimorphism, which was not statistically significant. Correlation exists between sagittal skeletal patterns, especially mandibular length and cervicovertebral morphology, but its use to classify the subjects in different sagittal classes is questionable.
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