Bekapai is a mature oil and gas field located in the offshore Mahakam Delta, Indonesia. The hydrocarbons are accumulated in complex multilayered reservoirs. Ten platforms were constructed to accommodate the oil production coming from 74 wells drilled between 1974 and 1996. The production started in 1974 with peak production at~60,000 BOPD in 1978, followed by a period of decline until it reached its lowest point at 1,000 BOPD in 2007.A field re-development project, so-called Phase 1 initiated in 2008, had increased the production to 10,000 BOPD and 46 MMSCFD by the end of 2013. It consisted of 9 development wells. Following this successful project, a new 3D OBC seismic was acquired and further development plan, Phase 2, initiated, consisting of 10 development wells and gas production facility debottlenecking. Two wells have been drilled in 2014 and contribute in stabilizing the production of 2014 at 11,500 BOPD and 38 MMSCFD, the highest oil production of the past 25 years. The gas production decreases as a consequence to field production facility limitation. It was shelved due to priority of oil development. However, it is expected to increase to 100 MMSCFD in 2015 after the debottlenecking. In parallel, idle wells reactivation to access the shallow gas resources is also reviewed. Besides contributing to gas export, the gas is also used as artificial lift to revitalize the oil wells.This paper demonstrates the main elements of the redevelopment: evolution of the geological model achieved through seismic and petrophysical data, production management in a complex production system and various optimizations at the production network in order to unlock the production capacity limit through debottlenecking projects and chemical injection at the export line. A continuous effort in even further redeveloping the field is also shown through Phase 2, the objective of which will be chasing the attic oil, blowing down the gas-cap, and double the gas production.
Hydrocarbon identification in mature fields located in Mahakam area is very challenging due to thin and multi layers of reservoir geometry, wide range of water salinity in deltaic environment, depletion and water-rise phenomena in highly producing zones. There are numerous possible gas reservoirs which were dubious and not included in perforation targets due to poor quality sand or risk of water production which could jeopardize the entire well potential. These possible gas reservoirs need to be re-evaluated in order to add perforation targets portfolio in maintaining field production when less new wells drilled. An integrated methodology has been continuously developed and calibrated to reduce uncertainty, hence elevate confidence level of fluid interpretation by combining the existing and recently developed techniques in Mahakam fields. The existing techniques are (1) Conventional Qualitative interpretation, (2) True-Wet Resistivity separation, and (3) Gas-Oil Volumes from simultaneous solution. The new developed techniques are (4) Swirr-SWT comparison, (5) Water Saturation Array Gradient with salinity, (6) AutoFluid resistivity specific cut-off, (7) Dual logs sliding average analysis, (8) Neutron Count Rate, (9) RT-GR cut-off, and (10) Gas Chromatograph dynamic baseline. In collaboration between petrophysicist, development geologist & reservoir engineering, this new integrated fluid interpretation methodology has been applied to re-evaluate more than 11,000 possible gas reservoirs in Mahakam fields. This effort has revealed around 32% of them as hydrocarbon potential reservoirs with total thickness of 4,195 meters. Those reservoirs are then convincingly re-interpreted as gas bearing reservoirs and included as additional perforation candidates. Some of those reservoirs have been perforated and giving additional gain in maintaining gas production of Mahakam fields. By capitalizing the existing data, with no additional data acquisition, hence no additional cost, this integrated fluid interpretation methodology, could be implemented in other fields outside Mahakam to find hidden potentials which not identified yet.
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