It is revealed that the water quality in Mae Moh Reservoir, Thailand, has been deteriorated by lignite mine drainage and power station effluent. This study aims to manipulate water quantity and quality to reduce environmental impacts in Mae Moh area through a model for water management. The model was constructed on the basis of materials balance to predict water flow, which includes concentrations of TDS and SO 2− 4 . Data collected during 1996-2000 were used. Model validation showed that the mean of predicted and actual values of TDS and SO 2− 4 load were significantly similar at 95% confidence limit. The test result is acceptable and the water model can be used as a tool for water system management in the area. In 2006, Mae Moh mine excess water will be discharged at 10.76 Mm 3 , with a pH of 7.3, TDS and SO 2− 4 concentrations of 2,547 and 1,803 mg/l, respectively. Mae Moh power station effluent will be 14.59 Mm 3 , with pH of 7.1, TDS and SO 2− 4 concentrations of 610 and 358 mg/l, respectively. Predicted results showed that the outflow of Mae Moh Reservoir will be 83.67 Mm 3 and the concentrations of TDS and SO 2− 4 will be as high as 1,501 and 822 mg/l, respectively. Mine excess water management measures are recommended according to the following strategy. All mine excess water should be stored during dry season. During wet season, 50% of the excess water should be T. Bhakdisongkhram (B) Mae Moh Mine, Electricity Generating 1536 Water Resour Manage (2007) 21: [1535][1536][1537][1538][1539][1540][1541][1542][1543][1544][1545][1546][1547][1548][1549][1550][1551][1552] stored and the remaining treated at 90% of TDS removal before being discharged. The end result would be a significant improvement in water quality in the Mae Moh Reservoir over the 4-year period to 2010. Pollutants in terms of TDS would be reduced by 35% from 1,501 mg/l in the beginning of 2006 to 975 mg/l at the end of 2009. Key words sulfate · total dissolved solids · pH · mine drainage · power station effluent · water model · water quality · water quantity · water management · water system
In this article we bring together experiences from two international research projects: the Kaleidoscope ERT research collaboration and the VO@NET project. We do this by using a shared framework identified for cross-case analyses within the Kaleidoscope ERT to analyse a particular case in the VO@NET project -a training course called "Green Productivity for Industry". Based on the experiences from a Danish research project on workplace learning we argue that the use of ICT within training or certificate courses has predominantly focused on self-study and individual skillacquisition, rather than Problem Based Learning and collaborative learning. The latter approaches seem to be most dominant within higher education master programmes. We argue that the GPIcourse represented a more collaborative and problem based approach and that it featured a good match between structural conditions and the actual pedagogical design, which we call 'adapted PBL'. The notion of PBL we discuss theoretically and relate to the shared analytical framework. This framework we further expand by incorporating three analytical levels or perspectives on design.
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