Due to the rapid increase in the number of elderly people in Chinese cities, the development and planning of aged care facilities, and particularly community care facilities, which will gradually become the mainstream choice for the elderly in China, is becoming an important topic for urban sustainability. Previous studies have shown that the number and scale of aged care facilities in many cities are far from meeting the needs of the elderly and the overall occupation rate is low. Some of these cities are still expanding and some are undergoing urban renovation. In this process, the scientific planning of community care facilities to promote efficient use of facility resources has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. In this study, the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method and a potential model based on the Geographic Information System (GIS) were used to carry out a scientific evaluation of the spatial accessibility of community care facilities in the Beilin district of Xi’an. The aims were to explore the best quantitative research methods for assessing the distribution of Xi’an community care facilities’ spatial accessibility, provide ideas for similar studies in the future, and further the understanding of spatial allocation of urban community care facilities resources.
The indoor lighting environment and energy consumption is a big issue for traditional residents of Yaodong in Yan'an city in China. In order to promote the living environment of Yaodong, the retrofitted scheme uses passive ecological measures such as natural lighting and attached sunspace to make full use of solar energy during the winter. In summer, facing to the problem of high indoor air temperature, the building uses a wall with thermal insulation and a roof that draws on the traditional residence of Yaodong. In addition, the added windows can improve indoor ventilation and reduce the excessive indoor temperature and humidity in summer. Besides, this design is entirely using renewable energy. In this research, simulation software BESTenergy, Ecotect and RETScreen are used to evaluate the effects of the comprehensive design method for improving indoor lighting, thermal comfort, and annual energy consumption. All of the additional building resilient design will be based on the adaptation to traditional building design and living style of the local people. From the overall analysis of the whole year, these retrofit measures will be conducive to the improvement of indoor lighting and thermal comfort and reduce the energy consumption. It's demonstrated that the resilient house has better adaptability to UHI, compare to local ordinary urban dwellings.
In recent years, the urban heat island (UHI) effects has caused many environmental problems, which is attracting attention from scientists and governments. As one of Japan's major cities, Gifu's UHI is becoming serious. Building energy consumption is greatly effected by UHI. It is important to design resilient buildings to reduce their energy consumption to alleviate UHI effects. In addition, in order to face to the UHI effects in the future, it is also important to reduce the growth rate of building energy consumption when the temperature rises.This research takes the resilient design of a small commercial building in Gifu City, Japan as an example. By using BESTenergy software, the four design parameters of building volume, window-wall ratio, window shade ratio and envelope material were evaluated. Three evaluation criteria, the annual energy consumption, the annual cooling energy consumption and the daily increase of cooling energy consumption during the UHI phenomenon, evaluate the building design, and the optimal solution of each impact factor is obtained, so that the building design can reduce the building energy consumption and adapt to the extreme weather. This research supports new policies and design strategies for resilient building design.
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